Food Science and Technology Journal (Foodscitech)

Crystal Palm Sugar Yield Optimization and Its Chemical and Sensory Characteristics

2024-01-08T15:58:31+07:00

Crystal palm sugar (CPS) is crystal brown sugar produced from palm tree sap. The quality of CPS depends on the quality/freshness of the sap, while the sap quality depends on the tapping method and its freshness. This study aimed to determine the appropriate sap tapping time of Arenga palm (Arenga pinnata) for raw material in CPS processing. The sap tapping time was carried out at 3, 6, 9, and 12 hours, each with four replications. Sap tapping was done by adding five grams of sodium bicarbonate into the sap container. Parameters observed were sap pH, yield, chemical properties (moisture content, ash content, and reducing sugar content), and sensory properties (color, aroma, texture, and taste) of the CPS. The data were processed by ANOVA and polynomial regression. The results showed that sap tapping time significantly affected (p<0.05) the sap pH and reducing-sugar content of CPS, but not (p>0.05) the yield, water content, ash content, and sensory response of CPS. However, using quadratic polynomial regression shows that CPS yield is optimum by processing the palm sap at about seven hours of tapping time, i.e., 14.56% and 12.47% for coarse and fine CPS, respectively. The sap pH obtained from the seven hours of tapping time was 6.8-7.1. The CPS has a reducing sugar content of 26.94% and overall hedonic characteristics of moderately like. The hedonic quality characteristics of the CPS are typical palm sugar for aroma, slightly brown for color, slightly hard for texture, and sweet for taste.

Effect of High Cell Density to Lipid Content Microalgae Chlorella vulgaris on Photoautotrophic Cultivation

2024-01-08T15:58:28+07:00

Chlorella vulgaris is one of microalgae types that has essential ingredients beneficial to
humans, such as being a source of good lipid. Chlorella sp. have high lipid content, up to
30%, under autotrophic conditions considered as a promising candidate for commercial lipid
production due to its fast growth and easy cultivation. High cell density sedimentation can be
investigated as a starving method in cultivation to make microalgae conditions less favorable
in obtaining nutrient to lipid accumulation. Starving is one of the stress conditions carried out
with the aim of reducing nutrients in the microalgae cultivation process. The aim of this study
was to determine the effect of high cell density on increasing lipid content in Chlorella
vulgaris. The results of this study showed that high cell density method affected the
productivity of Chlorella vulgaris biomass. The data obtained were analyzed using ANOVA
α=0.05. The highest productivity and lipid content was obtained from the control sample with
a biomass value of 0.36±0.03 g/l and a lipid content of 56.2±4.6% (P<0.05). The conclusion
of this study is high cell density may not increase the production of lipid content from
Chlorella vulgaris

Effect Of Hydrogen Peroxide Concentration on The Deacetylation Degree Of Chitosan Extracted From Maggot Waste

2024-01-08T15:58:26+07:00

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of hydrogen peroxide concentration on the deacetylation degree of chitosan extracted from maggot waste. Different hydrogen peroxide concentration (0%, 13%, 15%, and 20%) was studied. The degree of deacetylation of chitosan by using FTIR was found 75.3%, 77.6%, 78%, and 78.6% for a concentration of H₂O₂ of 0%, 13%, 15%, and 20%, respectively. The quality of chitosan extracted from the pupae shell of maggot waste meets the requirements of SNI 7949-2013. The concentration of H₂O₂ might increase the deacetylation degree of chitosan extracted from maggot waste.

Consumer’s Preference to Buy For Organic and Non Organic Processed Duck Meat In Blitar

2024-01-08T15:58:25+07:00

Global food security and health awareness have increased, thus driving demand for organic food. Blitar, one of the duck farming centers on Java Island, has much potential to develop organic farming. However, consumer attitudes and product acceptance of organic farming must be analyzed to develop organic farming. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the factors that determine consumer attitudes and preferences in buying processed organic duck meat. This study used 39 respondents who live in Blitar. This study used the Fishbein method to assess consumers’ beliefs and important levels of attributes of processed duck. The results showed that 74% of respondents were willing to buy organic processed duck meat. Meanwhile, the most important attributes of processed duck products decided by consumers were taste (3,74), packaging (3,62), and aroma (3,61). The three major belief values for organic processed duck products were health factor (3,61), label (3,58), and taste (3,38), while for non-organic processed duck were label (3,72), packaging (3,62), and taste (3,59).

High Dietary Fiber and Antioxidant Cookies with Substituted Parchment and Silver Skin Coffee

2024-01-08T15:58:30+07:00

High coffee production in Indonesia effected the increase of by-products from the processing of coffee beans. Parchment and silver skin are by-product obtained during the processing of coffee beans. Parchment and silver skin are used as compost, biogas, and has not been widely used as a food ingredient. Both have a high dietary fiber content and antioxidant activity. In this research, we make cookies with parchment and silver skin flour. Parchment and silver skin flour were added with concentrations consist of 0%, 1%, 2.5%, and 5%. Based on organoleptic assay with the parameters of color, aroma, taste, texture and level of preference, the best cookies were the addition of 2.5% parchment flour. These cookies have nutritional that fulfill the quality standards of cookies (SNI -2973-2011), namely 7.76% protein, 20.86% fat and 1.31% ash. In addition, these cookies have a high content of dietary fiber and antioxidants, namely 13.67% and 43.86%. So, these cookies can be a healthy snack option because have high dietary fiber and antioxidant.

Keywords: Antioxiant; Coffee By Product; Cookies; Dietary Fiber; Parchment; Silver skin.

Organoleptic and Nutritions Observation of Monosodium Glutamate (MSG)-Free Instant Noodle Seasoning With Soto Padang

2024-01-08T15:58:29+07:00

This research is an exploratory study. In this study, instant noodle seasoning was made from natural spices, without the addition of synthetic flavorings and preservatives. If monosodium glutamate (MSG) is consumed beyond the limit and consumed continuously for a long period of time, it will cause various side effects. MSG consumed by someone who cannot tolerate more than 3g/day can have adverse health effects. The purpose of this research is to develop Padang Soto flavored instant noodles using natural spices and without using synthetic flavoring Monosodium Glutamate (MSG). In this study, 4 formulas were made, coded as formula 1, formula 2, formula 3 and formula 4. The results showed that the panelists' preference for the color of instant noodles in formula 4 was 4.05. The panelists' favorite score for the aroma of instant noodle seasoning is highest in formula 4, which is 3.95. As for the taste results obtained, it is known that the panelists' favorite score for the taste of instant noodle seasoning is highest in formula 4, namely 4.05. From the results of the research, a dry seasoning with the code formula 4 has been produced that is delicious based on organoleptic analysis which can be used as a seasoning for instant noodle food products with instant Padang soup flavor. for proximate analysis, the best is also in formula 4, obtained water content of 3.85%, ash content of 1.66%, fat content of 1.29%, and protein content of 7.39%.

Application of Citric Acid and Packaging Type Selection in Preserving Stability of Homemade Tomato Sauce

2024-01-08T15:58:24+07:00

Tomatoes are horticultural product widely grown in Indonesia and consumed by societies. They contain minerals, vitamins, and bioactive compounds beneficial for health. Unfortunately, tomatoes quickly decline in quality, causing their post-harvest shelf life to be short. One attempt to prevent the wastage of tomatoes is to process them into sauce products. To extend the stability of tomato sauce, food-grade preservatives such as citric acid need to be added. Furthermore, different packaging also affects the stability of tomato sauce. This study used citric acid with varying concentrations of 0.05%, 0.10% and 0.15%. The packaging used included Clear Glass Bottles, Dark Glass Bottles, Clear Plastic Bottles, and Dark Plastic Bottles. The tomato sauce was evaluated by room storage for 30 days to investigate the stability of water content, acidity level, and total microbes. Adding 0.15% citric acid may be considered in preserving tomato sauce with a difference in increasing water content of 1.7%, a difference in decreasing pH of 0.1, and a difference in increasing total microbes of 1.4 cfu/g. Using a dark glass bottle may better protect tomato sauce from quality degradation.