Praktik Kewargaan Digital Sebagai Edukasi Publik: Kajian Aktivisme Digital Di Indonesia
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Abstract
Aktivisme digital tidak hanya soal keberhasilan dalam memobilisasi massa. Salah satu aspek menarik untuk dikaji dalam aktivisme digital adalah aspek edukasi publik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk melihat aktivisme digital sebagai praktik kewargaan digital yang mampu menjadi sarana edukasi publik. Penelitian ini menggunakan kerangka konsep Mossberger dkk tentang partisipasi politik sebagai kewargaan digital. Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan studi literatur. Terdapat sepuluh literatur relevan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian ini mengemukakan bahwa masyarakat sipil dan para aktivis berpartisipasi politik dalam tiga aktivitas yaitu diskusi di ruang obrolan, akses berita online, dan private message. Ruang obrolan dan private message adalah ruang diskusi publik yang membuat diskursus terus hidup dan banyak diperbincangkan, sedangkan akses berita online memiliki peran penting dalam menciptakan masyarakat yang informatif sehingga dapat berpartisipasi dalam ruang obrolan atau private message. Individu atau kelompok dapat menjadi aktor yang memproduksi atau bahkan menerima informasi tersebut. Partisipasi politik membuka jalan terciptanya edukasi publik, hal tersebut akan menjembatani persebaran informasi secara masif. Akses informasi reguler yang dimiliki oleh masyarakat menciptakan pengetahuan dan menjadi mitra diskusi kritis bagi sesama pengguna media sosial. Meski begitu, dalam aktivisme digital masih memiliki kemungkinan terdapat informasi palsu (hoaks). Dalam hal ini, aktivis berperan sebagai pihak yang meluruskan disinformasi yang beredar, selain itu pada level individu perlu dibekali keterampilan literasi digital yang baik.
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