Pelesapan Argumen Bahasa Indonesia pada Kumpulan Tiga Cerpen Kompas (Kajian : Tipologi Bahasa)

Abstract

The objective of this study is to describe the patterns of argument ellipsis found in three selected short stories published in Kompas, namely Mawar di Tiang Gantungan, Gerobak, and Lampu Ibu; to identify the most frequently occurring types of ellipsis patterns, and to describe the typological characteristics of the language used in these short stories. These three texts were selected due to their distinctive syntactic structures, particularly the frequent use of compound sentences with notable argument ellipses. This study employs a qualitative approach. The object of the research is clauses in which arguments are elided. The data consists of compound sentences from the three short stories that exhibit argument ellipsis. The ellipsed arguments are marked with a zero (Ø) symbol. The data collection method used is the observation method with note-taking techniques. The data were analyzed using the distributional method, with advanced techniques such as immediate constituent analysis, reversal, ellipsis identification, and category transformation. The findings reveal various patterns of argument ellipsis in the selected Kompas short stories, namely: S1=S2, S1=O2, S1=A2, O1=S2, A1=S2, O1=O2, and A1=A2. These patterns are found across different types of compound sentences: coordinate, subordinate, and mixed. The study also shows that the short stories reflect an accusative language typology, as indicated by the syntactic tendency to treat intransitive subjects similarly to transitive agents. These findings contribute to the development of Indonesian language typology theory and support the observation that, in written Indonesian texts, argument ellipsis can occur systematically and by syntactic rules. Thus, this study enriches linguistic scholarship, particularly in syntax and language typology.