Paradigma Baru dalam Penelitian Kualitatif: Pergeseran dari Pengalaman Verbal menuju Cyberfenomenologi dalam Dunia Kehidupan Digital
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25139/dev.v10i1.11618Keywords:
inkuiri kualitatif, cyberfenomenologi, dunia-kehidupan digital, paradigma interpretatif, evolusi epistemik, penelitian pascadigitalAbstract
Perkembangan pesat lingkungan yang dimediasi secara digital mendorong peninjauan kritis terhadap fondasi epistemik inkuiri kualitatif. Ketika pengalaman manusia semakin bersifat hibrid, terdistribusi, dan terstruktur oleh teknologi, kerangka interpretatif yang dibangun di atas asumsi kehadiran langsung dan ko-presensi menghadapi keterbatasan analitis yang semakin nyata. Artikel konseptual ini berupaya menjawab tiga pertanyaan utama: (1) bagaimana inkuiri kualitatif berevolusi sebagai respons terhadap perubahan kondisi realitas sosial; (2) ketegangan metodologis apa yang muncul ketika pengalaman hidup semakin dimediasi secara digital; dan (3) bagaimana tradisi fenomenologis dapat diperluas untuk mempertahankan kedalaman interpretatif dalam konteks pascadigital.
Dengan bertumpu pada perdebatan kontemporer mengenai ketelitian kualitatif, pluralitas metodologis, visual turn, serta penelitian yang terbenam dalam lingkungan digital, artikel ini mengembangkan analisis konseptual integratif untuk menelusuri lintasan epistemik metode kualitatif. Analisis menunjukkan bahwa transformasi metodologis bukanlah inovasi yang terpisah, melainkan mencerminkan rekonfigurasi yang lebih luas dalam cara subjektivitas dibentuk dan ditafsirkan. Pendekatan yang ada semakin menghadapi tantangan dalam menangkap dunia-kehidupan yang dimediasi teknologi, di mana kehadiran bersifat hibrid dan makna muncul melalui lingkungan yang terhubung secara jejaring.
Untuk menjembatani kesenjangan interpretatif tersebut, cyberfenomenologi diajukan sebagai perluasan fenomenologis yang mampu berinteraksi dengan pengalaman yang dimediasi secara digital sekaligus mempertahankan komitmen teoretis yang selama ini mendefinisikan keilmuan kualitatif. Alih-alih diposisikan sebagai disrupsi metodologis, cyberfenomenologi ditempatkan dalam gerakan yang lebih luas menuju paradigma interpretatif pascadigital. Artikel ini memberikan tiga kontribusi utama: mengonseptualisasikan evolusi inkuiri kualitatif sebagai transisi epistemik, memperluas analisis fenomenologis ke dalam realitas yang terstruktur teknologi, serta merumuskan implikasi bagi penelitian masa depan terkait kerja lapangan yang terdistribusi, refleksivitas yang diperluas, dan interpretasi multimodal. Secara keseluruhan, temuan konseptual ini menawarkan kerangka untuk memahami mengapa metode kualitatif perlu terus berevolusi seiring dengan transformasi cara manusia mengalami dunia sosial
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