Berpikir Kritis Siswa SMA dalam Menyelesaikan Masalah Matematika Ditinjau dari Gender

Authors

  • Nur Aulia Jadidah
  • Dwi Juniati
  • Siti Khabibah

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.25139/smj.v14i1.11546

Abstract

Abstract

Critical thinking is an important 21st-century skill to be developed in mathematics learning because it supports students' ability to analyse information, evaluate arguments, and make logical decisions. One factor that influences students' critical thinking is gender. This study aims to describe high school students' critical thinking in solving mathematical problems in terms of gender roles (masculine and feminine) as measured by the Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI). This study is a qualitative descriptive study with two subjects from class X MAN 7 Jombang, namely one masculine male student and one feminine female student, who were selected purposively to describe the critical thinking process in depth. Data were collected through problem-solving tasks and interviews, then analysed using the Miles and Huberman model, which includes data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. Critical thinking analysis was conducted based on Polya's problem-solving stages. The results showed that masculine male students had an inconsistent critical thinking process, especially in the implementation and review stages, characterised by substitution errors and a lack of thoroughness and evaluation of the solution process. In contrast, feminine female students demonstrated a more systematic and consistent critical thinking process, particularly in understanding the problem, planning, and implementing the solution in a sequential and thorough manner, although they did not consider alternative strategies. These findings indicate differences in critical thinking characteristics based on gender roles and imply that teachers need to design learning that is adaptive to student characteristics in developing mathematical critical thinking.

Keywords: critical thinking, mathematical problems, problem solving, gender

Abstrak

Berpikir kritis merupakan keterampilan abad ke-21 yang penting dikembangkan dalam pembelajaran matematika karena mendukung kemampuan siswa dalam menganalisis informasi, mengevaluasi argumen, dan mengambil keputusan secara logis. Salah satu faktor yang memengaruhi berpikir kritis siswa adalah gender. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan berpikir kritis siswa SMA dalam menyelesaikan masalah matematika ditinjau dari gender roles (maskulin dan feminin) yang diukur berdasarkan Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan dua subjek kelas X MAN 7 Jombang, yaitu satu siswa laki-laki maskulin dan satu siswa perempuan feminin, yang dipilih secara purposif untuk menggambarkan proses berpikir kritis secara mendalam. Data dikumpulkan melalui tugas penyelesaian masalah dan wawancara, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan model Miles dan Huberman yang meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Analisis berpikir kritis dilakukan berdasarkan tahapan pemecahan masalah Polya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa siswa laki-laki maskulin memiliki proses berpikir kritis yang kurang konsisten, terutama pada tahap pelaksanaan dan pemeriksaan kembali, ditandai dengan kesalahan substitusi dan kurangnya ketelitian serta evaluasi menyeluruh terhadap proses penyelesaian. Sebaliknya, siswa perempuan feminin menunjukkan proses berpikir kritis yang lebih sistematis dan konsisten, khususnya dalam memahami masalah, merencanakan, dan melaksanakan penyelesaian secara runtut dan teliti, meskipun belum mempertimbangkan strategi alternatif. Temuan ini mengindikasikan adanya perbedaan karakteristik berpikir kritis berdasarkan gender roles serta memberikan implikasi bahwa guru perlu merancang pembelajaran yang adaptif terhadap karakteristik siswa dalam mengembangkan berpikir kritis matematis.

Kata Kunci: berpikir kritis, masalah matematika, penyelesaian masalah, gender.

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Published

2026-02-24

How to Cite

Jadidah, N. A., Juniati, D., & Khabibah, S. (2026). Berpikir Kritis Siswa SMA dalam Menyelesaikan Masalah Matematika Ditinjau dari Gender. Jurnal Ilmiah Soulmath : Jurnal Edukasi Pendidikan Matematika, 14(1), 71–94. https://doi.org/10.25139/smj.v14i1.11546

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