Pengaruh Kompetensi dan Motivasi Kerja terhadap Kinerja Bisnis Pelaku Usaha Mikro Melalui Orientasi Kewirausahaan Sebagai Variabel Intervening
Abstract views: 73
,
Jurnal Vivi Laitupa downloads: 239
Abstract
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan membuktikan pengaruh
kompetensi dan motivasi kerja terhadap kinerja bisnis melalui orientasi kewirausahaan
sebagai variabel intervening. Populasi penelitian adalah semua unit analisis pelaku
usaha mikro di 44 Sentra Wisata Kuliner Kota Surabaya sebanyak 959 pengusaha.
Sampel penelitian diambil sejumlah 150 orang pengusuaha dengan teknik pengambilan
proportional random sampling dan data primer dikumpulkan melalui instrumen
kuesioner yang dirancang dari operasionalisasi variabel beserta indikatornya. Teknik
analisis menggunakan Partial Least Square (PLS) untuk menguji hipotesis penelitian
dan menganalisis jalur yang berhubungan antar variabel penelitian.
Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan ada pengaruh signifikan kompetensi terhadap orientasi
kewirausahaan dan kinerja bisnis, motivasi kerja terhadap orientasi kewirausahaan dan
tidak signifikan terhadap kinerja bisnis, serta pengaruh signifikan orientasi
kewirausahaan terhadap kinerja bisnis. Hasil ini menjelaskan bahwa hubungan secara
langsung variabel kompetensi dan komitmen orientasi kewirausahaan dengan kinerja
bisnis, kecuali motivasi kerja dengan kinerja bisnis. Temuan penelitian diperoleh hasil
bahwa orientasi kewirausahaan sebagai variabel intervening menunjukkan hubungan
secara tidak langsung dan berpengaruh signifikan, baik kompetensi maupun motivasi
kerja terhadap kinerja bisnis. Oleh karena itu, variabel orientasi kewirausahaan berperan
penting sebagai mediator hubungan pengaruh kompetensi dan motivasi kerja terhadap
kinerja bisnis.
Kata kunci: kompetensi, motivasi kerja, orientasi kewirausahaan, dan kinerja bisnis.
Abstract: The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of the competency and
motivation on business performance through Entrepreneurial Orientation as an
Intervening Variables. The population taken in this study comprises of all the unit of
analysis of micro entrepreneurs in 44 culinary tourism centers in the city of Surabaya, as
many as 959 entrepreneurs. The sample for this study was taken as a number of 150
entrepreneurs with a proportional random sampling technique and primary data were
collected through a questionnaire instrument designed from the operationalization of
variables and their indicators. The analysis technique uses Partial Least Square (PLS) to
test the research hypothesis and to analyze the pathways related to the research
variables.
The results in this study indicate that there is a significant influence of competence on
entrepreneurial orientation and business performance, work motivation on
entrepreneurial orientation and not significant on business performance, as well as a
significant effect of entrepreneurial orientation on business performance. These results
explain that there is a direct relationship between competency and entrepreneurial
orientation commitment variables with business performance, except work motivation and
business performance. The research findings interpret that the entrepreneurship
orientation as an intervening variable shows an indirect relationship and has a significant
effect, both competence and work motivation on business performance. Therefore, the
entrepreneurial orientation variable plays an important role as a mediator in the
relationship of competence and work motivation to business performance.
Keywords: competence; work motivation; entrepreneurial orientation; and business
performance.
References
Antorcic, Bostjan, Cezar Scarlat, 2005. Corporate Entrepreneurship And OrganizationalPerformance: A Comparison Between Slovenia And Romania.Managing the Process of Globalization in New and Upcoming EU Members. Proceedings of the 6th International Conference of the
Faculty of Managemet Koper. Congress Centre Bernardin, Slovania.
Arifin, M. 2014. The influence of competence, motivation, and organizational culture to High School Teacher Job Satisfaction and Performance.
Armstrong, Michael & Angela Baron, 1998. Performance Management. London: Institute of Personnel and Development.
Bacal, Robert, 2004. How to Manage Performance. New York: McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Bacal, Robert, 2001. Performance Management. Cetakan ketiga, alih bahasa: Dharma dan Irawan. Jakarta: Penerbit Gramedia.
Costello, Sheila J., 1994. Effective Performance Management. New York: McGraw Hil Companies, Inc.
Dirianzani, Leindra, Sugiono, Dewi Hardiningtyas, 2013. Analysis Of The Effect Of Intrinsic And Exterinsic Motivation On Job Performance Of Contract Employees With Organizational Commitment As Mediation. Jurnal Rekayasa Dan Manajemen Sistem Industri Vol 2 No. 5 Teknik Industri Universitas Brawijaya, Malang.
Djamaludin, Musa, 2008. Pengaruh Komitmen Organisasional, Pengembangan Karier, Motivasi Kerja dan Karakteristik Individual terhadap Kepuasan
Kerja Kinerja Pegawai Pemerintah Kabupaten Halmahera Timur.
Disertasi. Program Doktor Ilmu Ekonomi Program Pascasarjana Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya.
Fahmi, I. 2013. Perilaku Organisasi, Teori, Alikasi, dm Kasus. Cetakan Kesatu,Penerbit Alfabeta, Bandung.
Gibson, Jame L., et. al., 2000. Organizations: Behavior, Structure, Processes, 10th
Edition. New York: McGraw Hill.
Gibson, James L. John M. Ivancevich & James H. Donnelly, Jr., 2000.
Organizations. Boston: McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Handoko, Hani, 2012. Manajemen Personalia & Sumberdaya Manusia. Edisi 2.
Yogyakarta: BPFE, UGM.
Hair, Joseph F., Rolph E. Anderson, Ronald L. Tatham, and William C. Black, 1998. Multivariate Data Analysis. Fifth Edition. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall International, Inc.
Hii, L. dan R. Ahmad. 2015. Rater competency in conducting performance appraisal in the Malaysian Public Sector.
Hisrich, Robert D., Michael P. Peters, 2002. Entrepreneurship. International Edition. New York: McGraw Hill.
H.Muhammad Arifin, 2015. The Influence of Competence, Motivation, and Organisational Culture to High School Teacher Job Satisfaction and Performance. International Education Studies, Vol. 8 No. 1.
Innocent Otache dan Rosli Mahmood, 2015. Entrepreneurial Orientation and Performance of Nigerian Banks: The Mediating Effect of Teamwork. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, Vol. 6 No. 3.
Ismail, R.dan S.Z. Abidin. 2010. Impact of workers’ competence on their performance in the Malaysian Private Service sector.
Ivancevich, John M., and Matteson, M.T., 1999. Organizaional Behavior and Management (fifth edition). New Jersey: By Irwin/McGraw-Hill International Editions.
Kim, S. 2014. Public service motivation and organizational citizenship behavior in Korea.
Lotunani, A., M.S. Idru., E. Afnan, dan M. Setiawan. 2014. The effect of competence on commitment performance and satisfaction with reward as a moderating variable (A study on designing work plans in Kendari City Government, Southest Sulawesi).
Luthans, F., 1995. Organizational Behavior, 7th edition, New York: McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Mowday, R.L., Porter and R. Steer. 1998. Employee-Organization Linkages In P.Warr (Ed). Orgnization and Occupational Psyhology. New York: Academic Press. pp. 219-229.
Robbins, Stephen P., 1996. Organizational Behavior. Concepts, Controversies,Applications Seventh Edition,. New Jersey: Prentice Hall International Edition.
Robbins, Stephen P., 2000. Managing Today, 2nd Edition, New Jersey: Prentice Hall Inc.
Robbins, Stephen P., 2006. Organization Theory. Structure, Design, and Applicati Third Edition. New Jersey: Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs.
Schwartz, Andrew E., 1999. Performance Management. New York: Barrons’ Educational Series, Inc.
Sukesi, 2011. Analisis Perilaku Masyarakat Petambak Garam terhadap Hasil Usaha di Kota Pasuruan. Jurnal Mitra Ekonomi dan Manajemen Bisnis, Vol. 2 No. 2. Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Dr. Soetomo Surabaya.
Suryana, 2003. Kewirausahaan, Pedoman Praktis, Kiat dan Proses Menuju Sukses. Edisi Revisi, Penerbit. Jakarta: Salemba Empat.
Wibowo, 2007. Manajemen Kinerja. Edisi Ketiga. Jakarta: PT RajaGrafindo Persada
Yusuf, T., 2010. Pengaruh Kualitas Kehidupan Kerja, Komitmen Karyawan Dan Motivasi Kerja Terhadap Kepuasan Kerja Dan Kinerja Karyawan PDAM Kota Balikpapan. Disertasi. Program Doktor Ilmu Ekonomi Program Pascasarjana, Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya.
Zimmerer, Thomas W., Norman M. Scarborough, 2005. Essentials of Entrepeneurship and Small Business Management. Pearson Prentice Hall Inc., Upper Saddle River, New Jersey.
