Kecemasan Digital: Penggunaan Media Sosial dan Dampaknya terhadap Kesehatan Mental Remaja Indonesia
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Abstract
The advancement of digital technology has led to increased internet and social media usage in Indonesia, particularly among adolescents. According to the Indonesian Internet Service Providers Association (APJII, 2024), internet penetration has reached 79.5%, with 221 million users. Among them, adolescents aged 13–19 are the most active group, spending an average of 4 to 6 hours daily on social media. This high intensity of usage has psychological implications, including social anxiety, sleep disorders, and the pressure to stay constantly connected (fear of missing out or FoMO). This study analyzes social media usage patterns that may trigger social anxiety among Indonesian adolescents, using the theoretical frameworks of Cultivation Theory, Uses and Gratifications, and the Spiral of Silence. The research was conducted through a survey of 422 respondents who frequently use social media, with data analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings indicate that excessive social media use, particularly among individuals aged 17–24, is correlated with increased symptoms of social anxiety, sleep disturbances, and pressure to conform to social norms. Additionally, the habit of doomscrolling—the continuous consumption of negative content—was found to contribute to heightened anxiety, particularly among women. This study underscores the importance of digital literacy and time management in mitigating the negative impacts of social media. Furthermore, future research is recommended to explore the evolving patterns of social media usage and their long-term effects.
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