Social communication relation of Madurese people in Max Weber rationality perspective
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Keywords:
social communication, obedience, rationality, irrationality
Abstract
Obedience has become an ethnic identity for Madurese, expressed in the communicative expression ‘Bhuppa’-Bhâbbu’-Ghuru-Rato.’ Thus, the meaning of hierarchical obedience has been structured firmly into daily communication routines and behaviour as a form of self-development. The pattern of patron-client communication is a strong stimulant in the tradition of obedience that forms hegemonic power through patron-client-dominating authority. Interestingly, in Madurese society, such a relationship can actually be classified as exploitative-mutualistic. The study of rationality perspective on the meaning of communication and obedience relations shows that not all Madurese actions follow rational rules in Weber’s perspective. Indeed, there has been a reconstruction of the meaning of obedience in Madurese so that the rationality of needs becomes a justification for irrational actions and the relatively long-standing patron-client communication bond in Madurese culture. The phenomenological approach was considered most suitable for this research because it could reveal the natural meaning of Madurese specific obedience behaviour through explanation of phenomena and causes.
References
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Hoynes, W., Stout, D. A., & Buddenbaum, J. M. (1997). Religion and Mass Media: Audiences and Adaptations. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 36(1), 126. https://doi.org/10.2307/1387890
Huff, T. (2017). Max Weber and Methodology of Social Science. Taylor & Francis.
Johnson, D. P. (1994). Teori Sosiologi Klasik dan Modern. Gramedia Pustaka Utama.
Kahn, J. S., & Anderson, B. R. O. (1992). Language and Power: Exploring Political Cultures in Indonesia. Man, 27(3), 651. https://doi.org/10.2307/2803942
Khoiri, A. (2017). Kontrol Politik Kyai dan Blater dalam Pelaksanaan Pemilu; Kajian Kelemahan Ketentuan Hukum Pemilu Menghadapi Rezim Kembar Politik di Madura. VOICE JUSTISIA: Jurnal Hukum Dan Keadilan, 1(2), 131–141.
Kosim, M. (2012). KIAI DAN BLATER (Elite Lokal dalam Masyarakat Madura). Karsa: The Journal of Social and Islamic Culture, 12(2), 149–160. https://doi.org/10.19105/karsa.v12i2.139
Kuntowijoyo. (2017). Madura 1850-1940: Perubahan Sosial dalam Masyarakat Agraris.
Martín-Barbero, J., & Fox, E. (1993). Communication, culture and hegemony: From the media to mediations. Sage Pubns.
Medina, A. (1971). The Phenomenology of the Social World. New Scholasticism, 45(1), 190–192. https://doi.org/10.5840/newscholas197145120
Patriadi, H. B., Bakar, M. Z. A., & Hamat, Z. (2015). Human Security in Local Wisdom Perspective: Pesantren and its Responsibility to Protect People. Procedia Environmental Sciences, 28, 100–105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proenv.2015.07.015
Poggi, G. (1990). Weber, Irrationality, and Social Order. JSTOR.
Pribadi, Y. (2018). Islam, State and Society in Indonesia: Local Politics in Madura.
Proctor, R. N. (1989). Weber, Irrationality, and Social Order Alan Sica.
Putrawan, A. D., & Hariyanto, I. (2017). Runtuhnya karisma Tuan Guru. Sanabil. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=Z5JIzQEACAAJ
Raditya, A. (2011). POLITIK KEAMANAN JAGOAN MADURA. Journal of Government and Politics, 2(1), 91–122. https://doi.org/10.18196/jgp.2011.0006
Roslidah, N., & Komara, I. (2017). Culture Differences of Indonesia Ethnic Minorities in Non-verbal Communication. Jurnal Studi Komunikasi (Indonesian Journal of Communications Studies), 1(1), 6–18. https://doi.org/10.25139/jsk.v1i1.60
Rozaki, A. (2004). Menabur kharisma menuai kuasa : kiprah kiai dan blater sebagai rezim kembar di Madura. Pustaka Marwa.
Sadik, S. S. S. (2012). REVITALISASI SEMANGAT BHUPPA’BHĂBHU’GHURU RATO DALAM MELIHAT MADURA KE DEPAN. KARSA: Journal of Social and Islamic Culture, 11(1), 21–29.
Sahab, A., Alawy, K. H., & Ali, K. H. (2012). Politik Patron-Client di Kabupaten Sampang. Jurnal Jejaring Administrasi Publik, 4(4), 1–7.
Schroeder, R., Nugroho, H., & Noviani, R. (2002). Max Weber: tentang Hegemoni Sistem Kepercayaan. Kanisius.
Scott, J C. (2008). Weapons of the Weak: Everyday Forms of Peasant Resistance. Yale University Press.
Scott, James C. (1972). Patron-Client Politics and Political Change in Southeast Asia. American Political Science Review, 66(1), 91–113. https://doi.org/10.2307/1959280
Seligman, A. B. (1992). Weber, Irrationality, and Social Order By Alan Sica. Social Forces, 70(3), 825–826. https://doi.org/10.1093/sf/70.3.825
Shipovalova, L. (2020). Max Weber’s ‘Inconvenient Facts’ and Contemporary Studies of Public Science Communication. Social Epistemology, 34(2), 130–141. https://doi.org/10.1080/02691728.2019.1695013
Sica, A. (2018). Weber, Irrationality, and Social Order. University of California Press.
Sidiq, M. (2003). Kekerabatan Dan Kekeluargaan Masyarakat Madura” Dalam Soegianto (ed), Kepercayaan Magi, Dan Tradisi Dalam Masyarakat Madura. Jember: Tapal Kuda.
Simpson, G., Weber, M., Henderson, A. M., & Parsons, T. (1948). The Theory of Social and Economic Organisation. The Philosophical Review, 57(5), 524. https://doi.org/10.2307/2181723
Siraj, S. A. (2005). Visi Pesantren Masa Depan. Makalah Seminar Nasional: Musabaqah Al-Qur’an Nasional V Telkom.
Subekti, A. F., & Laksmiwati, Hermien, H. (2019). Hubungan Antara Religiusitas Dengan Kepatuhan Santri Dalam Mentaati Aturan di Pondok Pesantren. Character: Jurnal Penelitian Psikologi., 6(1).
Sugiarti, E. (2017). MARGINALISASI WANITA MADURA. Jurnal Sejarah Lontar, 6(1), 40. https://doi.org/10.21009/lontar.061.05
Susanto, E. (2012a). Revitalisasi Nilai Luhur Tradisi Lokal Madura. KARSA: Journal of Social and Islamic Culture, 12(2), 96–103.
Susanto, E. (2012b). Ruh Islam Dalam “Wadag” Lokal Madura: Kasus “Tanean Lanjeng.” KARSA: Journal of Social and Islamic Culture, 14(2), 142–147.
Sutriyadi, S. (2017). PERAN SENTRAL KIAI BAGI MASYARAKAT MADURA (Studi di Desa Jaba’an, Kecamatan Manding, Kabupaten Sumenep). University of Muhammadiyah Malang.
Syarif, Z. (2013). Mitos Nilai-Nilai Kepatuhan Santri. TADRIS: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 7(1), 19–30. https://doi.org/10.19105/jpi.v7i1.376
Syarif, Z. (2016). Pergeseran Perilaku Politik Kyai dan Santri di Pamekasan Madura. Al-Tahrir: Jurnal Pemikiran Islam, 16(2), 293. https://doi.org/10.21154/al-tahrir.v16i2.500
Takdir, M. (2018). POTRET KERUKUNAN BERBASIS KEARIFAN LOKAL: IMPLEMENTASI NILAI-NILAI HARMONI DALAM UNGKAPAN“RAMPAK NAONG BRINGEN KORONG” DALAM KEHIDUPAN MASYARAKAT MADURA. Khazanah: Jurnal Studi Islam Dan Humaniora, 16(1), 73. https://doi.org/10.18592/khazanah.v16i1.2057
Touwen-Bouwsma, E. (1992). The Ulama of Madura: Rise and Expansion of a Religious Regime. Faith and Polity on Religion and Politics, 99–131.
Tukhvatulina, L. A. (2019). Max weber on the rational foundations of science-politics communication. Voprosy Filosofii, 2019(7), 38–42. https://doi.org/10.31857/S004287440005723-0
Walsh, T. G. (1990). “ Irrationality, and Social Order” Alan Sica Weber (Book Review). International Journal on World Peace, 7(4), 109.
Weber, M. (1968). On charisma and institution building (characteristics of bureaucracy). University of Chicago Press.
Weber, M. (2018). Economy and society: An outline of interpretive sociology (an excerpt). In Ekonomicheskaya Sotsiologiya (Vol. 19, Issue 3, pp. 68–78). Univ of California Press. https://doi.org/10.17323/1726-3247-2018-3-68-78
Weber, M., & Shils, E. (1964). The methodology of the social sciences. Translated and edited by Edward A. Shils and Henry A. Finch. With a foreword by Edward A. Shils. Free Press.
Wiyata, A. L. (2002). Carok ; Konflik Kekerasan & Harga Diri Orang Madura. LKiS Yogyakarta.
Wiyata, A. L. (2003). Madura yang Patuh?; Kajian Antropologi Mengenai Budaya Madura. Jakarta: Ceric-Fisip UI.
Wiyata, A. L. (2006). Model Rekonsiliasi Orang Madura.
Wrong, D., & Asnawi, A. (2003). Max Weber: sebuah Khazanah. Ikon Teralitera. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=MQfkygAACAAJ
Berger, P L, & Luckmann, T. (2011). The Social Construction of Reality: A Treatise in the Sociology of Knowledge. Open Road Media.
Berger, Peter L, Davie, G., & Fokas, E. (2008). Religious America, secular Europe?: A theme and variation. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.
Brubaker, R. (2013). The limits of rationality: An essay on the social and moral thought of Max Weber. In The Limits of Rationality: An Essay on the Social and Moral Thought of Max Weber. Allen & Unwin. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203715581
Carruth, M. L., Weber, M., & Secher, H. P. (1962). Basic Concepts in Sociology. The Western Political Quarterly, 15(4), 778. https://doi.org/10.2307/445587
Clark, L. S., & Hoover, S. M. (1997). At the intersection of media, culture and religion (Vol. 17). SAGE, Thousand Oaks.
Creswell, J. W. (2013). Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design: Choosing Among Five Approaches. SAGE Publications.
Creswell, J. W. (2014). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches. SAGE Publications.
Croucher, S. M., Zeng, C., Rahmani, D., & Sommier, M. (2017). Religion, culture, and communication. In Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Communication.
Da Costa, D., & Da Costa, A. E. (2019). Introduction: Cultural production under multiple colonialisms. Cultural Studies, 33(3), 343–369. https://doi.org/10.1080/09502386.2019.1590436
Danziger, E. (2013). Conventional wisdom: Imagination, obedience and intersubjectivity. Language and Communication, 33(3), 251–262. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.langcom.2013.06.002
de Jonge, H. (1989). Madura Dalam Empat Jaman: Pedagang, Perkembangan Ekonomi, dan Islam (Suatu Studi Antropologi Ekonomi). Diterbitkan atas kerja sama Perwakilan Koninklijk Instituut voor Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde (KITLV) dengan Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia (LIPI) bersama penerbit PT. Gramedia.
Depeyrot, G. (2005). Economy and society. In The Cambridge Companion to the Age of Constantine (pp. 226–252). University of California Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CCOL0521818389.011
Edi Susanto. (2007). Kepemimpinan (Kharismatik) Kyai dalam Perspektif Masyarakat Madura. Karsa, 11(1), 30–40.
Effendi, M., & Hendarto, R. M. (2014). DAMPAK PEMBANGUNAN JEMBATAN SURAMADU TERHADAP PEREKONOMIAN PULAU MADURA (Studi Kasus Kabupaten Bangkalan). DIPONEGORO JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS, 3(1), 1–13. http://ejournal-s1.undip.ac.id/index.php/jme
Faoziyah, U. (2016). Who Benefits? The Case of the Suramadu Bridge Construction”. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 227, 60–69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2016.06.043
Farin, I., Husserl, E., & Hart, J. G. (2006). The Basic Problems of Phenomenology: From the Lectures, Winter Semester, 1910-1911. Springer Netherlands.
Gillin, J. L. (1950). Cultural Sociology: By John Lewis Gillin. [and] John Philip Gillin. Macmillan. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=xzSdtgAACAAJ
Guseinov, A. A. (2012). Morality as the limit of rationality. Voprosy Filosofii, 52(5), 4–17.
Haryono, A. (2012). Pola Komunikasi Warga NU Etnis Madura sebagai Budaya Aternalistik. Humaniora, 23(2), 175–184. https://doi.org/10.22146/jh.v23i2.1020
Hefni, Moh. (2012). BHUPPA’-BHÂBHU’-GHURU-RATO (Studi Konstruktivisme-Strukturalis tentang Hierarkhi Kepatuhan dalam Budaya Masyarakat Madura). KARSA: Journal of Social and Islamic Culture, 11(1), 12–20. https://doi.org/10.19105/karsa.v11i1.144
Hefni, Mohammad. (2012). Patron-Client Relationship Pada Masyarakat Madura. KARSA: Journal of Social and Islamic Culture, 15(1), 15–24. https://doi.org/10.19105/karsa.v15i1.110
Hefni, Mohammad. (2017). ISLAM MADURA (Resistensi dan Adaptasi Tokoh Adat atas Penetrasi Kyai di Madura). Analisis : Jurnal Studi Keislaman, 13(1), 1–26. https://doi.org/10.42042/ANALISIS.V13I1.640
Hoynes, W., Stout, D. A., & Buddenbaum, J. M. (1997). Religion and Mass Media: Audiences and Adaptations. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 36(1), 126. https://doi.org/10.2307/1387890
Huff, T. (2017). Max Weber and Methodology of Social Science. Taylor & Francis.
Johnson, D. P. (1994). Teori Sosiologi Klasik dan Modern. Gramedia Pustaka Utama.
Kahn, J. S., & Anderson, B. R. O. (1992). Language and Power: Exploring Political Cultures in Indonesia. Man, 27(3), 651. https://doi.org/10.2307/2803942
Khoiri, A. (2017). Kontrol Politik Kyai dan Blater dalam Pelaksanaan Pemilu; Kajian Kelemahan Ketentuan Hukum Pemilu Menghadapi Rezim Kembar Politik di Madura. VOICE JUSTISIA: Jurnal Hukum Dan Keadilan, 1(2), 131–141.
Kosim, M. (2012). KIAI DAN BLATER (Elite Lokal dalam Masyarakat Madura). Karsa: The Journal of Social and Islamic Culture, 12(2), 149–160. https://doi.org/10.19105/karsa.v12i2.139
Kuntowijoyo. (2017). Madura 1850-1940: Perubahan Sosial dalam Masyarakat Agraris.
Martín-Barbero, J., & Fox, E. (1993). Communication, culture and hegemony: From the media to mediations. Sage Pubns.
Medina, A. (1971). The Phenomenology of the Social World. New Scholasticism, 45(1), 190–192. https://doi.org/10.5840/newscholas197145120
Patriadi, H. B., Bakar, M. Z. A., & Hamat, Z. (2015). Human Security in Local Wisdom Perspective: Pesantren and its Responsibility to Protect People. Procedia Environmental Sciences, 28, 100–105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proenv.2015.07.015
Poggi, G. (1990). Weber, Irrationality, and Social Order. JSTOR.
Pribadi, Y. (2018). Islam, State and Society in Indonesia: Local Politics in Madura.
Proctor, R. N. (1989). Weber, Irrationality, and Social Order Alan Sica.
Putrawan, A. D., & Hariyanto, I. (2017). Runtuhnya karisma Tuan Guru. Sanabil. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=Z5JIzQEACAAJ
Raditya, A. (2011). POLITIK KEAMANAN JAGOAN MADURA. Journal of Government and Politics, 2(1), 91–122. https://doi.org/10.18196/jgp.2011.0006
Roslidah, N., & Komara, I. (2017). Culture Differences of Indonesia Ethnic Minorities in Non-verbal Communication. Jurnal Studi Komunikasi (Indonesian Journal of Communications Studies), 1(1), 6–18. https://doi.org/10.25139/jsk.v1i1.60
Rozaki, A. (2004). Menabur kharisma menuai kuasa : kiprah kiai dan blater sebagai rezim kembar di Madura. Pustaka Marwa.
Sadik, S. S. S. (2012). REVITALISASI SEMANGAT BHUPPA’BHĂBHU’GHURU RATO DALAM MELIHAT MADURA KE DEPAN. KARSA: Journal of Social and Islamic Culture, 11(1), 21–29.
Sahab, A., Alawy, K. H., & Ali, K. H. (2012). Politik Patron-Client di Kabupaten Sampang. Jurnal Jejaring Administrasi Publik, 4(4), 1–7.
Schroeder, R., Nugroho, H., & Noviani, R. (2002). Max Weber: tentang Hegemoni Sistem Kepercayaan. Kanisius.
Scott, J C. (2008). Weapons of the Weak: Everyday Forms of Peasant Resistance. Yale University Press.
Scott, James C. (1972). Patron-Client Politics and Political Change in Southeast Asia. American Political Science Review, 66(1), 91–113. https://doi.org/10.2307/1959280
Seligman, A. B. (1992). Weber, Irrationality, and Social Order By Alan Sica. Social Forces, 70(3), 825–826. https://doi.org/10.1093/sf/70.3.825
Shipovalova, L. (2020). Max Weber’s ‘Inconvenient Facts’ and Contemporary Studies of Public Science Communication. Social Epistemology, 34(2), 130–141. https://doi.org/10.1080/02691728.2019.1695013
Sica, A. (2018). Weber, Irrationality, and Social Order. University of California Press.
Sidiq, M. (2003). Kekerabatan Dan Kekeluargaan Masyarakat Madura” Dalam Soegianto (ed), Kepercayaan Magi, Dan Tradisi Dalam Masyarakat Madura. Jember: Tapal Kuda.
Simpson, G., Weber, M., Henderson, A. M., & Parsons, T. (1948). The Theory of Social and Economic Organisation. The Philosophical Review, 57(5), 524. https://doi.org/10.2307/2181723
Siraj, S. A. (2005). Visi Pesantren Masa Depan. Makalah Seminar Nasional: Musabaqah Al-Qur’an Nasional V Telkom.
Subekti, A. F., & Laksmiwati, Hermien, H. (2019). Hubungan Antara Religiusitas Dengan Kepatuhan Santri Dalam Mentaati Aturan di Pondok Pesantren. Character: Jurnal Penelitian Psikologi., 6(1).
Sugiarti, E. (2017). MARGINALISASI WANITA MADURA. Jurnal Sejarah Lontar, 6(1), 40. https://doi.org/10.21009/lontar.061.05
Susanto, E. (2012a). Revitalisasi Nilai Luhur Tradisi Lokal Madura. KARSA: Journal of Social and Islamic Culture, 12(2), 96–103.
Susanto, E. (2012b). Ruh Islam Dalam “Wadag” Lokal Madura: Kasus “Tanean Lanjeng.” KARSA: Journal of Social and Islamic Culture, 14(2), 142–147.
Sutriyadi, S. (2017). PERAN SENTRAL KIAI BAGI MASYARAKAT MADURA (Studi di Desa Jaba’an, Kecamatan Manding, Kabupaten Sumenep). University of Muhammadiyah Malang.
Syarif, Z. (2013). Mitos Nilai-Nilai Kepatuhan Santri. TADRIS: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 7(1), 19–30. https://doi.org/10.19105/jpi.v7i1.376
Syarif, Z. (2016). Pergeseran Perilaku Politik Kyai dan Santri di Pamekasan Madura. Al-Tahrir: Jurnal Pemikiran Islam, 16(2), 293. https://doi.org/10.21154/al-tahrir.v16i2.500
Takdir, M. (2018). POTRET KERUKUNAN BERBASIS KEARIFAN LOKAL: IMPLEMENTASI NILAI-NILAI HARMONI DALAM UNGKAPAN“RAMPAK NAONG BRINGEN KORONG” DALAM KEHIDUPAN MASYARAKAT MADURA. Khazanah: Jurnal Studi Islam Dan Humaniora, 16(1), 73. https://doi.org/10.18592/khazanah.v16i1.2057
Touwen-Bouwsma, E. (1992). The Ulama of Madura: Rise and Expansion of a Religious Regime. Faith and Polity on Religion and Politics, 99–131.
Tukhvatulina, L. A. (2019). Max weber on the rational foundations of science-politics communication. Voprosy Filosofii, 2019(7), 38–42. https://doi.org/10.31857/S004287440005723-0
Walsh, T. G. (1990). “ Irrationality, and Social Order” Alan Sica Weber (Book Review). International Journal on World Peace, 7(4), 109.
Weber, M. (1968). On charisma and institution building (characteristics of bureaucracy). University of Chicago Press.
Weber, M. (2018). Economy and society: An outline of interpretive sociology (an excerpt). In Ekonomicheskaya Sotsiologiya (Vol. 19, Issue 3, pp. 68–78). Univ of California Press. https://doi.org/10.17323/1726-3247-2018-3-68-78
Weber, M., & Shils, E. (1964). The methodology of the social sciences. Translated and edited by Edward A. Shils and Henry A. Finch. With a foreword by Edward A. Shils. Free Press.
Wiyata, A. L. (2002). Carok ; Konflik Kekerasan & Harga Diri Orang Madura. LKiS Yogyakarta.
Wiyata, A. L. (2003). Madura yang Patuh?; Kajian Antropologi Mengenai Budaya Madura. Jakarta: Ceric-Fisip UI.
Wiyata, A. L. (2006). Model Rekonsiliasi Orang Madura.
Wrong, D., & Asnawi, A. (2003). Max Weber: sebuah Khazanah. Ikon Teralitera. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=MQfkygAACAAJ
Published
2020-07-01
How to Cite
Budiyanti, S., Siahaan, H. M., & Nugroho, K. (2020). Social communication relation of Madurese people in Max Weber rationality perspective. Jurnal Studi Komunikasi, 4(2), 389-409. https://doi.org/10.25139/jsk.v4i2.2447
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