Public opinion on Indonesia's capital relocation policy: a netnographic analysis

  • Gatut Priyowidodo Petra Christian University
  • Chory Petra Christian University
Abstract views: 206 , PDF downloads: 152
Keywords: Central government; netnography; pros and cons of public opinion; relocation of the national capital; regional government

Abstract

The pros and cons of relocating the National Capital City have remained an unresolved issue across different regimes.  When President Joko Widodo took concrete action to relocate IKN legally, the DPR approved through Law (UU) Number 3 of 2022 concerning the National Capital City (IKN), which was passed on January 18, 2022; the public immediately responded with acceptance and rejection. The dynamics of public conversations and comments through social media are intense. This research aims to answer public responses regarding the new relationship between the centre and the areas after passing the IKN Law. Using the netnography method, data were downloaded from the comment section of eight (8) YouTube accounts– CNBC Channel, detik.com, Narasi, TV One, Metro, RH Channel, RG Channel, and ILC Channel. This study employed thematic analysis and data processing with NVIVO 14 application. The research findings show that the eight YouTube accounts with more than 25,000 comments were categorised into two major themes. The first is an optimistic theme that expresses approval for the relocation of IKN. The reason is to improve welfare (Java-outside Java), long-term development planning, pro to the people, and show strong leadership to bridge the centre and regions. The two pessimistic themes expressed rejection, citing concerns about natural damage, potential corruption due to limited government finances, social inequality, and not being pro-people. This research recommends that the IKN relocation policy be understood optimistically and holistically, especially in central-regional relations and equitable distribution of economic access for a more prosperous Indonesia.

 

Author Biography

Chory, Petra Christian University

Communication Department

References

Aditya, Z. F., & Fuadi, A. B. (2021). Konseptualisasi Omnibus Law dalam Pemindahan Ibukota Negara. Jurnal Ilmiah Kebijakan Hukum, 15(1), 745. https://doi.org/10.30641/kebijakan.2021.v15.745-760

Ansell, C., & Gash, A. (2008). Collaborative governance in theory and practice. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 18(4), 543–571. https://doi.org/10.1093/jopart/mum032

Black, J. S., & Gregersen, H. B. (1997). Participative Decision-Making: An Integration of Multiple Dimensions. Human Relations, 50(7), 859–878. https://doi.org/10.1177/001872679705000705

Browning, C. S. (2018). Geostrategies, geopolitics and ontological security in the Eastern neighbourhood: The European Union and the ‘new Cold War.’ Political Geography, 62, 106–115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polgeo.2017.10.009

Canary, H. E., & Taylor, J. L. (2017). Policy Communication. The International Encyclopedia of Organizational Communication, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118955567.wbieoc163

Canary, H. E., & Taylor, J. L. (2020). Policy Communication Engaging Multiplicity. In H. Dan O’Hair and Mary John O’Hair. (Ed.), The Handbook of Applied Communication Research: Volume 2, First Edition. (2nd ed., Vol. 2, pp. 675–691). John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Do, H. T. K., Hoang, D. P., & Pham, T. T. (2021). Determinants of multi-destination travel in Vietnam: a rational choice perspective. International Journal of Tourism Cities. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJTC-10-2020-0239

Editor, B. (2019). Indonesia names new capital that will replace Jakarta. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-60037163

Emerson, K., Nabatchi, T., & Balogh, S. (2012). An integrative framework for collaborative governance. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 22(1), 1–29. https://doi.org/10.1093/jopart/mur011

Fantinelli, S., & Russo, V. (2018). Community of practice online, the importance of technology for learning: An application of social network analysis. Journal of E-Learning and Knowledge Society, 14(3), 29–39. https://doi.org/10.20368/1971-8829/1545

Hakim, F. A., Banjarnahor, J., Purwanto, R. S., Rahmat, H. K., & Widana, I. D. K. K. (2020). Pengelolaan Obyek Pariwisata Mengahadapi Potensi Bencana di Balikpapan sebagai Penyangga Ibukota Negata Baru. Nusantara: Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial, 7(2), 408–420. http://jurnal.um-tapsel.ac.id/index.php/nusantara/index

Herfeld, C. (2020). The Diversity of Rational Choice Theory: A Review Note. Topoi, 39(2), 329–347. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11245-018-9588-7

Hutasoit, W. L. (2018). Analisa Pemindahan Ibukota Negara. Dedikasi, 19(2), 108–128.

Jagers, S. C., Matti, S., & Nordblom, K. (2020). The evolution of public policy attitudes: Comparing the mechanisms of policy support across the stages of a policy cycle. Journal of Public Policy, 40(3), 428–448. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0143814X19000023

Jamaluddin, M., & Ryan, H. (2022). Indonesia names new capital, approving shift from Jakarta. Cnn, January. https://edition.cnn.com/travel/article/indonesia-nusantara-new-capital-intl-scli/index.html

Kurniadi, A. (2019). Pemilihan Ibukota Negara Republik Indonesia Baru Berdasarkan Tingkat Kebencanaan. Jurnal Manajemen Bencana (JMB), 5(2), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.33172/jmb.v5i2.458

LeGreco, M. (2012). Working with Policy: Restructuring Healthy Eating Practices and the Circuit of Policy Communication. Journal of Applied Communication Research, 40(1), 44–64. https://doi.org/10.1080/00909882.2011.636372

Morais, G. M., Santos, V. F., & Gonçalves, C. A. (2020). Netnography: Origins, foundations, evolution and axiological and methodological developments and trends. Qualitative Report, 25(2), 441–455. https://doi.org/10.46743/2160-3715/2020.4227

Nurjannah, L. (2022). Puluhan Tokoh Nasional Minta Hentikan Pemindahan Ibu Kota. 2. https://www.kompas.tv/article/258636/puluhan-tokoh-nasional-minta-hentikan-pemindahan-ibu-kota

Panday, P. K. (2004). Issues in implementation of public policies : The involvement of the army in the law and order sector in Bangladesh. 34(2), 87–100.

Pebrianto, F. (2021). Kilas Balik Pemindahan Ibu Kota hingga Kini: dari Target hingga Kontroversi. Tempo, 1–2. https://bisnis.tempo.co/read/1495370/kilas-balik-pemindahan-ibu-kota-hingga-kini-dari-target-hingga-kontroversi

Priyowidodo, G. (2020). Netnografi Komunikasi [Communication Netnography]. Rajawali Pers.

Ratcliffe, R. (2022). Indonesia names new capital Nusantara, replacing sinking Jakarta . The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/jan/18/indonesia-names-new-capital-nusantara-replacing-sinking-city-of-jakarta

Rose, R. (2019). Referendum challenges to the EU’s policy legitimacy–and how the EU responds. Journal of European Public Policy, 26(2), 207–225. https://doi.org/10.1080/13501763.2018.1426034

Rutar, T. (2019). For an integrative theory of social behaviour: Theorising with and beyond rational choice theory. Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour, 49(3), 298–311. https://doi.org/10.1111/jtsb.12204

Salsabila, A. H., & Nurwati, N. (2020). Deforestasi Dan Migrasi Penduduk Ke Ibu Kota Baru Kalimantan Timur: Peran Sinergis Pemerintah Dan Masyarakat. Prosiding Penelitian Dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 7(1), 27. https://doi.org/10.24198/jppm.v7i1.28259

Stohl, C., & Cheney, G. (2001). Participatory Processes/ Paradoxical Practices. 14(3), 349–407.

Subagyo, A. (2019). Pada Ibu Kota Baru Republik Indonesia Spatial Planning Defence Area ( Rtrw ) in Republic of Indonesia ’ S New Capital City. Jurnal Ilmu Pemerintahan Widya Praja, 45(2), 177–188.

Suratman, Nasruddin, A. P. (2013). Pemindahan Ibukota RI Ke Pulau Kalimantan (Analisa Geostrategis NKRI). Prosiding Pertemuan Ilmiah Tahunan XVI 2013 Banjarmasin 2-3 Nopember 2013 Ikatan Geograf Indonesia, 0274, 2–5.

van der Voort, H. G., Klievink, A. J., Arnaboldi, M., & Meijer, A. J. (2019). Rationality and politics of algorithms. Will the promise of big data survive the dynamics of public decision making? Government Information Quarterly, 36(1), 27–38. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2018.10.011

Wareza, M. (2022). Ancaman “Serius” RI di Ibu Kota Baru, Pak Jokowi sudah tahu? CNBC Indonesia, 1–2. https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/news/20220206154509-4-313237/ancaman-serius-ri-di-ibu-kota-baru-pak-jokowi-sudah-tahu

Westfall, S. (2022, January 18). Indonesia passes law to move capital from Jakarta to Borneo. Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2022/01/18/indonesia-capital-city-jakarta-borneo/

Published
2024-07-24
How to Cite
Priyowidodo, G., & Angela Wijayanti, C. (2024). Public opinion on Indonesia’s capital relocation policy: a netnographic analysis. Jurnal Studi Komunikasi, 8(2), 275 - 286. https://doi.org/10.25139/jsk.v8i2.6936
Section
Articles