Communication strategy for state defence: a case study of Indonesia’s Ministry of Defence
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25139/jsk.v9i2.9957Keywords:
communication; inter-agency coordination; message framing; public engagementAbstract
Currently, strategic communication in supporting national defence policy faces increasingly complex challenges amid geopolitical dynamics, technological developments, and changing patterns of security threats. In reality, coordination between institutions is still a major challenge, especially in ensuring the integration of messages and synergy of cross-sector communication. In addition, the rampant disinformation and digital propaganda also threaten national security and stability, thus requiring strategic efforts to counter negative narratives that can weaken support for defence policies. How is strategic communication designed and implemented by the Ministry of Defence to support national defence policies? The purpose of this study is to analyse and identify the role of strategic communication in supporting the implementation of national defence policies, with a focus on the effectiveness of information delivery, coordination between stakeholders, and mobilisation of public support. The theory used in this research is Strategic Communication Theory developed by Hallahan, Holtzhausen, van Ruler, Verčič, dan Sriramesh 2007. The research method employed is a literature study through reviewing, analysing and synthesising various relevant literature sources. The results generated found that there are several indicators to realise strategic communication in supporting the National Defence policy and that is by integrating communication adaptability, inter-Institutional Coordination, Effectiveness of Communication Channels and Public participation, and involvement so that strategic communication can be an effective tool in strengthening the legitimacy and implementation of national defence policy. The research indicators are communication planning, target audience determination, message framing & narrative development, channel effectiveness, inter-agency coordination, evaluation and feedback mechanism
References
Ardi, A. A. Z. H., Siahaan, T., & Jandhana, I. P. (2022). Kebijakan publik pertahanan negara indonesia. Citizen: Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin Indonesia, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.53866/jimi.v2i1.40
Arsyad, M., Nuddin, A., Fahmid, I. M., Salman, D., Tina Pulubuhu, D. A., Unde, A. A., Rasyid J, A., & Amiruddin, A. (2021). Keterkaitan Peran Antar Lembaga dalam Pembangunan Pertanian di Wilayah Perbatasan Indonesia. Agroland: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian, 28(1). https://doi.org/10.22487/agrolandnasional.v27i3.619
Asmoro, N., Sutomo, A., Haryono, T., & Putri, R. (2023). The structuring of organizational and doctrine of state defense in facing hybrid warfare. Jurnal Pertahanan, 9(3), 67–82. https://jurnal.idu.ac.id/index.php/DefenseJournal/article/view/1220
Anu, S., Hadisancoko, R. E., & Suwito, S. (2023). Defense economic strategy in creating the independence of the Indonesian defense industry (case study of the independence of the Chinese defense industry). AURELIA: Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat Indonesia, 2(1), 87–102. https://rayyanjurnal.com/index.php/aurelia/article/view/246
Bednarska-Olejniczak, D., Olejniczak, J., & Svobodová, L. (2019). Towards a smart and sustainable city with the involvement of public participation—The case of Wroclaw. Sustainability (Switzerland), 11(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/su11020332
Bensenor, I. M., Goulart, A. C., Thomas, G. N., & Lip, G. Y. H. (2022). Patient and Public Involvement and Engagement (PPIE): first steps in the process of the engagement in research projects in Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research, 55. https://doi.org/10.1590/1414-431X2022e12369
Beschel, R., Cameron, B., Kunicova, J., & Myers, B. (2018). World Bank - Improving public sector performance through innovation and inter-agency coordination. In Global Report Public Sector Performance.
Canada, J. R. M., & Miralles, T. G. (2023). Cognitive Communication Competence as a Function of Adaptability and Apprehension in Communication Among Senior High School Students. European Journal of English Language Teaching, 8(3). https://doi.org/10.46827/ejel.v8i3.4843
Chen, G. M. (1992). Communication Adaptability and Interaction Involvement as Predictors of Cross-Cultural Adjustment. Communication Research Reports, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/08824099209359895
Cicalese, V., & Vinella, M. (2019). IGRT stereotassica intracranica con Brainlab Exactrac e con sistema integrato OBI: feedback dell’equipe dell’U.O.C. Di Radioterapia del P.O. Perrino di Brindisi. Journal of Advanced Health Care, 1(4). https://doi.org/10.36017/jahc20191430
Das, H. (2018). India’s maritime security governance challenges: A decade after “26/11.” Maritime Affairs, 14(2). https://doi.org/10.1080/09733159.2019.1565442
Diallo, M. O., Aoki, S., Aoyama, T., & Watanabe, K. (2017). Evaluation of the effectiveness of modern communication channels during emergency situations. In WIT Transactions on the Built Environment (Vol. 173). https://doi.org/10.2495/DMAN170131
Dmitrieva, E. V., Baibarina, E. N., Posiseeva, L. V., & Ryumina, I. I. (2023). Communication Technologies in Promoting the Health of Pregnant Women and Children. Akusherstvo i Ginekologiya (Russian Federation), 2023(8). https://doi.org/10.18565/AIG.2023.68
Dafina, K., Mawarti, L. I., Santoso, H., Priatna, W. B., Suparman, S., & Ramdani, G. (2023). Media relations strategy of the Ministry of Environment and Forestry and the Ministry of Defense in detecting hoax news in online media. Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Mamangan, 12(1), 55–70. https://ejournal.upgrisba.ac.id/index.php/jurnal-mamangan/article/view/7802
Farnham, D., Horton, S., & White, G. (2003). Organisational change and staff participation and involvement in Britain’s public services. International Journal of Public Sector Management, 16(6). https://doi.org/10.1108/09513550310492085
Gita, S. (2020). Mengapa podcast menjadi alat komunikasi yang efektif di era digital. Komunikasi News. https://www.komunikasinews.com
Hänninen, N., & Karjaluoto, H. (2017). The effect of marketing communication on business relationship loyalty. Marketing Intelligence and Planning, 35(4). https://doi.org/10.1108/MIP-01-2016-0006
Hayati, R. (2022). Pengertian Penelitian Studi Literatur, Ciri, Metode, dan Contohnya. In PenelitianIlmiah.
Hoffjann, O. (2018). The role of play in strategic communication. Public Relations Inquiry, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.1177/2046147X17744833
Hügel, S., & Davies, A. R. (2020). Public participation, engagement, and climate change adaptation: A review of the research literature. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change, 11(4). https://doi.org/10.1002/wcc.645
IADC. (2016). Inter-Agency Space Debris Coordination Committee. IADC, April.
Istiqomah, N., & Angela, D. (2024). Prabowo Subianto's political branding strategy in the success of the Ministry of Defense's reserve component program. Journal of Law, Politic and Humanities, 4(3), 117–127. https://doi.org/10.38035/jlph.v4i3.315
Jin, Z., Li, R., Liu, Y., Cui, W., & Yang, X. (2023). Father influences on child social adaptability: Mediation by peer communication ability. Journal of Psychology in Africa, 33(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/14330237.2023.2182949
Kahn, E., Antognoli, E., & Arbuckle, P. (2022). The LCA Commons—How an Open-Source Repository for US Federal Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Data Products Advances Inter-Agency Coordination. Applied Sciences (Switzerland), 12(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/app12020865
Kira, B. (2023). Inter-Agency Coordination in Digital Markets: Lessons from the WhatsApp Case in Brazil. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4631364
Klarner, P., Sarstedt, M., Hoeck, M., & Ringle, C. M. (2013). Disentangling the effects of team competences, team adaptability, and client communication on the performance of management consulting teams. Long Range Planning, 46(3). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lrp.2013.03.001
Khalil, R. A., Haris, M., & Saeed, N. (2023). Beyond line of sight defense communication systems: Recent advances and future challenges. arXiv preprint. https://arxiv.org/abs/2312.06491
Letkol Arm. Joko Riyanto M.Si., & Lettu Cku Lindu Baliyanto. (2017). Bela Negara dalam Perspektif Strategi dan Kebijakan Pertahanan Negara. In Puskom Publik Kemhan.
Nooryadi, I. F., Dohamid, A. G., & Prihartoro, M. (2023). Collaborative strategy of Ministry of Defense and BNPT in counterterrorism efforts to strengthen national security. AURELIA: Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat Indonesia, 2(3), 112–125. https://rayyanjurnal.com/index.php/aurelia/article/view/4981
Purwaningsih, E., Jasfar, F., & Kusnadi. (2022). The influence of social strategy and public policy of state defence awareness management on organizational performance of the Ministry of Defense mediated by strategic change management. International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH, 10(10), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v10.i10.2022.4830
Putri, P. S., Ansori, A., Syifaranie, R. R. S., Nurlaily, A., & Jati, H. K. (2023). Implementation of Indonesia's sea defense strategy policy in facing military threats to support sea power. Ministrate: Jurnal Birokrasi dan Pemerintahan Daerah, 5(1), 23–38. https://journal.uinsgd.ac.id/index.php/ministrate/article/view/30585
Puspitasari, S. (2022, Mei 5). Masyarakat dan peran media sosial dalam isu pertahanan. The Jakarta Post. https://www.thejakartapost.com
Prasetyo, A. (2021, Januari 10). Kemhan meluncurkan podcast untuk meningkatkan kesadaran pertahanan masyarakat. Kompas. https://www.kompas.com
Sosiawan, E. A., Sutrisno, I., & Wibowo, R. (2024). Optimizing state defense: The role of strategic communication models in support organizations. Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, 2nd International Conference on Advance Research in Social and Economic Science (ICARSE 2023). https://doi.org/10.2991/978-2-38476-247-7_14
Sidik, A. M., & Syarief, F. (2023). Strategi edukasi Biro Informasi Pertahanan Kemhan RI tentang isu pertahanan melalui podcast. Dialogika: Jurnal Penelitian Komunikasi dan Sosialisasi, 11(2), 45–60. https://ejournal.appisi.or.id/index.php/Dialogika/article/view/227
Sudarman, A., Djuyandi, Y., & Pratama, F. S. G. (2023). Understanding the dynamics of defense industry cooperation within the framework of the Indonesia-Australia Defense Security Dialogue. Journal of Political Issues, 4(2), 45–60. https://doi.org/10.33019/jpi.v4i2.82
Supriyanto, A. (2021). Media sosial sebagai sarana pendidikan pertahanan: Studi kasus pada program podcast Kemhan RI. Jurnal Teknologi Komunikasi, 15(1), 45–60.
Setiawan, R. (2022). Analisis penggunaan media sosial oleh Kemhan dalam meningkatkan kesadaran pertahanan. Pertahanan Digital, 3(2), 78–90
Wahyuni, R. A. E., Waluyo, S. D., & Simatupang, H. (2023). Strengthening the Cyber Defense Center of the Ministry of Defence of the Republic of Indonesia (PUSDATIN KEMHAN) to support the Indonesian defense diplomacy in cyber defense security cooperation in ASEAN. Jurnal Pertahanan, 9(2), 89–105. https://jurnal.idu.ac.id/index.php/DefenseJournal/article/view/747
Wedagama, I. D. G. R., & Ong, S. (2025). Military digital diplomacy: A case study of the Japan Self-Defense Force on YouTube platform. Journal of Strategic and Global Studies, 8(1), Article 6. https://doi.org/10.7454/jsgs.v8i1.1174
Yulianto, H. (2020). Meningkatkan partisipasi publik dalam isu pertahanan melalui media sosial. Jurnal Kajian Komunikasi, 22(3), 93–106.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Jurnal Studi Komunikasi is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
The authors agree to the terms of this Copyright Notice, which will apply to this submission if and when it is published by this journal (comments to the editor can be added below).
