TANTANGAN MEMBANGUN TATA KELOLA KELEMBAGAAN KEBIJAKAN LAYANAN TOL LAUT DALAM MENDUKUNG PEMBANGUNAN EKONOMI MARITIM

Abstract

The mandate of Article 69 paragraph 4 of Law No. 32 of 2014 concerning maritime governance and institutional policy has not been followed up by the government with the issuance of government regulations on governance and institutions. Ten years (2015-2025) of implementing the sea toll policy have given rise to problems such as trade imbalances between western and eastern Indonesia, misdirected subsidies, inefficient port costs, and inadequate infrastructure to support cargo loading and unloading. Therefore, governance and institutional frameworks must be established to ensure the sustainability of the maritime toll policy. In developing governance and institutional frameworks for the maritime toll policy, the involvement of stakeholders and coordination between the government and these stakeholders are necessary. These actors include local governments that can be engaged to collaborate in addressing trade imbalances by establishing port hubs in regions characterized by high economic productivity, collaborating with consultants or academics to develop digital applications for real-time monitoring of goods flowing in and out of ports, and partnering with the private sector for the procurement and management of port infrastructure to ensure professional management. The formulation of governance and institutional frameworks for maritime toll road policies is expected to address the issues that have arisen so far. Thus, maritime toll road policies can support sustainable maritime economic development.