ANALISIS DATA KUALITATIF: MANUAL ATAU DENGAN APLIKASI?
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Abstract
Pesatnya perkembangan komputerisasi metode analisis data untuk penggunaan penyelidikan naturalistik dalam penelitian kualitatif, tujuan dari catatan penelitian ini adalah untuk membandingkan manual dan komputerisasi teknik analisis data. Dengan berbagai macan pertimbangan kelebihan, kekurangan, dan umum dimiliki asumsi penggunaan aplikasi dan secara manual terus berlanjut karena kelangkaan literatur yang membahas keuntungan dan kelemahan kedua metode tersebut. Dan pada dasarnya peneliti dapat menganalis data tanpa menggunakan aplikasi, peneliti senior lebih bebas bekerja tanpa aplikasi. Kemajuan teknologi menyebabkan penelitian tergantung pada teknologi, aplikasi analisis data kualitatif hanya efektif menganalisis data deskriptif. Penggunaan aplikasi hanya efektif pada pendekatan post-positivistik, pada dasarnya analisis data kualitatif lebih efektif dilakukan oleh peneliti sendiri selama ia di lapangan dan saat ia menulis laporan penelitian, kekuatan utama analisis data kualitatif adalah trianggulasi data dan trianggulasi hasil penelitian.
Aplikasi tidak dapat menganalisis data kualitatif, faktanya bahwa kita telah melihat perkembangan analisis data kualitatif dengan bantuan aplikasi seharusnya tidak mengejutkan mengingat perkembangan yang meluas dan aksesibilitas aplikasi untuk analisis kualitatif data tetap menjadi masalah yang diperdebatkan dan belum digunakan secara universal (R. M. Lee dan Fielding, 1991; Morison dan Moir, 1998). Aplikasi dalam menganalisis data kualitatif dan aturan yang tepat tidak kompatibel dengan sifat data kualitatif yang tidak terstruktur dan ambigu sehingga dapat mendistorsi atau melemahkan data atau melumpuhkan kreativitas (Becker, 1993; Kelle dan Bird, 1995; Richards, 1998). Sifat penelitian kualitatif apabila ditinjau dari volume dan kompleksitas data yang tidak terstruktur dan cara di mana temuan dan teori muncul dari data juga membuat paket perangkat lunak, dikembangkan untuk mengelola dan menganalisis data tersebut, sulit untuk diaplikasikan dan digunakan secara memadai. (Kelle dan Bird, 1995).
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