Konselor Sebaya sebagai Upaya Pencegahan Pernikahan Dini dengan Pendekatan Health Belief Model: Scoping Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25139/htc.v8i1.10071Keywords:
Pernikahan dini, Konselor Sebaya, Health Belief ModelAbstract
Abstrak : Pernikahan dini merupakan permasalahan signifikan di negara berkembang seperti Indonesia yang berdampak negatif pada kesehatan, kesejahteraan sosial, dan aspek ekonomi. Remaja perempuan yang menikah pada usia dini lebih berisiko mengalami masalah terkait kehamilan dan persalinan, termasuk angka kematian ibu dan bayi baru lahir. Scoping review ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi literatur dan menelaah bukti terkait penggunaan konselor sebaya sebagai upaya pencegahan pernikahan dini dengan pendekatan Health Belief Model (HBM). Scoping review dilakukan dengan mengikuti pedoman PRISMA 2020, dan pertanyaan penelitian dirumuskan menggunakan kerangka PICO. Dari 9 artikel yang dianalisis, 6 berasal dari Indonesia, 1 dari India, 1 dari Ghana, dan 1 dari Mesir. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konselor sebaya dan pendekatan HBM efektif dalam meningkatkan pemahaman serta perspektif remaja mengenai kesehatan reproduksi, serta dalam menurunkan angka pernikahan dini. Kesimpulannya, pendekatan HBM dan program konselor sebaya menjadi strategi yang efektif dalam meningkatkan kesehatan reproduksi remaja dan mencegah pernikahan dini. Kajian ini menekankan pentingnya pendidikan kesehatan seksual yang komprehensif dan berkelanjutan guna mencapai hasil yang lebih baik dalam kesehatan reproduksi remaja.
Kata kunci: Pernikahan dini, Konselor Sebaya, HBM
Abstract : Early marriage is a significant problem in developing countries such as Indonesia that has negative impacts on health, social welfare, and economic aspects. Adolescent girls who marry at an early age are at higher risk of experiencing problems related to pregnancy and childbirth, including maternal and neonatal mortality. This scoping review aims to explore the literature and review the evidence related to the use of peer counselors as an effort to prevent early marriage with the Health Belief Model (HBM) approach. The scoping review was conducted following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, and the research questions were formulated using the PICO framework. Of the 9 articles described, 6 were from India, 1 from India, 1 from Ghana, and 1 from Egypt. The results showed that peer counselors and the HBM approach were effective in improving adolescents' understanding and perspectives on reproductive health, as well as in reducing early marriage rates. In conclusion, the HBM approach and peer counselor programs are effective strategies in improving adolescent reproductive health and preventing early marriage. This review emphasizes the importance of comprehensive and sustainable health education to achieve better outcomes in adolescent reproductive health.
Keywords: Early Marriage, Peer Counselors, HBM
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