Communication pattern between nurses and elderly patients through a neuro-linguistic programming approach
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Keywords:
communication pattern, elderly, healthy lifestyle, NLP, nurse
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the pattern of communication between nurses and elderly patients towards a healthy lifestyle through the NLP approach. It was a qualitative study using a case study method involving 6 nurses and 15 elderly patients active in Prolanis activities in Batu Ke'de village, Masalle subdistrict. The results of observations and interviews were then analysed using interactive analysis techniques from Miles and Huberman. Based on the results of observation and analysis, the study found that nurses could use the neurolinguistic programming method in communicating with the elderly which causes changes in the thinking and behaviour patterns of the elderly towards a healthy lifestyle. Therefore, the NLP method can be used by nurses as one method of communicating and influencing elderly patients by taking into account its four main pillars, which are the outcome, rapport, sensory acuity, and flexibility
References
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Bashir, A., & Ghani, M. (2012). Effective Communication and Neurolinguistic Programming. Pakistan Journal of Commerce & Social Sciences, 6(1), 216–222. Retrieved from http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=bth&AN=78098387&lang=es&site=ehost-live%5Cnhttp://content.ebscohost.com.v.biblioteca.ucuenca.edu.ec/ContentServer.asp?T=P&P=AN&K=78098387&S=R&D=bth&EbscoContent=dGJyMMTo50Sep7E4xNvgOLCmr02eprZSrqa4TLOWxWX
Bigley, J., Griffiths, P. D., Prydderch, A., Romanowski, C. A. J., Miles, L., Lidiard, H., & Hoggard, N. (2010). Neurolinguistic programming used to reduce the need for anaesthesia in claustrophobic patients undergoing MRI. British Journal of Radiology, 83(986), 113–117. https://doi.org/10.1259/bjr/14421796
Caris-Verhallen, W. M. C. M., De Gruijter, I. M., Kerkstra, A., & Bensing, J. M. (1999). Factors related to nurse communication with elderly people. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 30(5), 1106–1117. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2648.1999.01197.x
Caris-Verhallen, W. M. C. M., Kerkstra, A., & Bensing, J. M. (1997). The role of communication in nursing care for elderly people: A review of the literature. Journal of Advanced Nursing, Vol. 25, pp. 915–933. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2648.1997.1997025915.x
Dixon, P. N., Parr, G. D., Yarbrough, D., & Rathael, M. (1986). Neurolinguistic programming as a persuasive communication technique. Journal of Social Psychology, 126(4), 545–550. https://doi.org/10.1080/00224545.1986.9713623
Dove, J. (2004). NLP and coaching. Selection and Development Review, 20(4), 6–8.
Drewnowski, A., & Evans, W. J. (2001). Nutrition, physical activity, and quality of life in older adults: Summary. America, 56, 89–94.
Fridriksson, J., Nettles, C., Davis, M., Morrow, L., & Montgomery, A. (2006). Functional communication and executive function in aphasia. Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics, 20(6), 401–410. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699200500075781
Grothmann, T., Leitner, M., Glas, N., & Prutsch, A. (2017). A five-steps methodology to design communication formats that can contribute to behavior change: The example of communication for health-protective behavior among elderly during heat waves. SAGE Open, 7(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244017692014
Harwood, J., Leibowitz, K., Lin, M.-C., Morrow, D., Rucker, N. L., & Savundranayagam, M. (2012). Communicating With Older Adults An Evidence-Based Review of What Really Works. The Gerontological Society of North America, 1–40.
Hummert, M. L., Nussbaum, J. F., & Wiemann, J. M. (1992). Communication and the Elderly: Cognition, language, and relationships. Communication Research, 19(4), 413–422. https://doi.org/10.1177/009365092019004001
Kourkouta, L., & Papathanasiou, I. (2014). Communication in nursing practice. Materia Socio Medica, 26(1), 65. https://doi.org/10.5455/msm.2014.26.65-67
Lang, E. V. (2012). A better patient experience through better communication. Journal of Radiology Nursing, Vol. 31, pp. 114–119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jradnu.2012.08.001
Liljeroos, M., Snellman, I. M., & Ekstedt, M. H. (2011). A qualitative study on the role of patient–nurse communication in acute cardiac care. Journal of Nursing Education and Practice, 1(1), 17–24. https://doi.org/10.5430/jnep.v1n1p17
Matusitz, J., Breen, G. M., Zhang, N. J., & Seblega, B. K. (2013). Improving nursing home resident integrity by optimizing interpersonal communication skills in clinical staff. Journal of Evidence-Based Social Work, 10(2), 63–72. https://doi.org/10.1080/15433714.2011.581540
Micciche, P. F., & Lancaster, J. S. (1989). Application of neurolinguistic techniques to knowledge acquisition. ACM SIGART Bulletin, (108), 28–33. https://doi.org/10.1145/63266.63270
Mulyati, L., Yeti, K., & Sukamrini, L. (2013). Analisis faktor yang memengaruhi self management behaviour pada pasien hipertensi. Jurnal Keperawatan Padjadjaran, v1(n2), 112–123. https://doi.org/10.24198/jkp.v1n2.7
Park, E. K., & Song, M. (2005). Communication barriers perceived by older patients and nurses. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 42(2), 159–166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2004.06.006
Passalacqua, S. A., & Harwood, J. (2012). VIPS Communication skills training for paraprofessional Dementia caregivers: An intervention to increase person-centered dementia care. Clinical Gerontologist, 35(5), 425–445. https://doi.org/10.1080/07317115.2012.702655
Pensieri, C. (2013). Neurolinguistic programming in health: an analysis of the literature. Medic, 21(2), 97–105.
Rustan, E. (2017). Learning creative writing model based on neurolinguistic programming. International Journal of Language Education and Culture Review, 3(2), 13–29. https://doi.org/doi.org/10.21009/IJLECR.032.02
Sitorus, R., & Herawati, T. (2013). The influence of ‘ Augmentative and Alternative Communication ’ to the communication ability and depression rates of patient with the aphasia motoric problem. Jurnal Keperawatan Padjajaran (Padjajaran Nursing Journal), 1(3), 131–143. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.24198/jkp.v1i3.61.g58
Steinbach, A. M. (1984). Neurolinguistic programming: a systematic approach to change. Canadian Family Physician Medecin de Famille Canadien, 30, 147–150. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21283502%0Ahttp://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=PMC2153995
Street, R. L., Makoul, G., Arora, N. K., & Epstein, R. M. (2009). How does communication heal? Pathways linking clinician-patient communication to health outcomes. Patient Education and Counseling, 74(3), 295–301. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2008.11.015
Sturt, J., Ali, S., Robertson, W., Metcalfe, D., Grove, A., Bourne, C., & Bridle, C. (2012). Neurolinguistic programming: A systematic review of the effects on health outcomes. British Journal of General Practice, Vol. 62, pp. 757–764. https://doi.org/10.3399/bjgp12X658287
Taheri, M., Mohammadi, M., Paknia, B., & Mohammadbeigi, A. (2013). Elderly awareness on healthy lifestyle during aging. Tropical Medicine & Surgery, 01(05), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-9088.1000139
Taylor, D. (2014). Physical activity is medicine for older adults. Postgraduate Medical Journal, Vol. 90, pp. 26–32. https://doi.org/10.1136/postgradmedj-2012-131366
Thompson, J. E., Courtney, L., & Dickson, D. (2002). The effect of neurolinguistic programming on organisational and individual performance: A case study. Journal of European Industrial Training, 26(6), 292–298. https://doi.org/10.1108/03090590210431265
Tijani-Eniola, O. (2016). Effective communication strategies for improving health outcomes. Health Expectations, 6(1), 364–365. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1369-7625.2008.00516.x
Tosey, P., & Mathison, J. (2010). Neuro-linguistic programming as an innovation in education and teaching. Innovations in Education and Teaching International, Vol. 47, pp. 317–326. https://doi.org/10.1080/14703297.2010.498183
Wahyuni, A., & Kurnia, O. S. (2014). Self-Care , motivation , and quality of life among patients with heart failure. Jurnal Keperawatan Padjajaran (Padjajaran Nursing Journal), 2(2), 108–115. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.24198/jkp.v2i2.73.g69
Wang, J. J., Hsieh, P. F., & Wang, C. J. (2013). Long-term care nurses’ communication difficulties with people living with dementia in Taiwan. Asian Nursing Research, 7(3), 99–103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anr.2013.06.001
Weirather, R. R. (2010). Communication strategies to assist comprehension in dementia. Hawaii Medical Journal, 69(3), 72–74.
Wood, J. A. (2006). NLP revisited: Nonverbal communications and signals of trustworthiness. Journal of Personal Selling and Sales Management, 26(2), 197–204. https://doi.org/10.2753/PSS0885-3134260206
Bashir, A., & Ghani, M. (2012). Effective Communication and Neurolinguistic Programming. Pakistan Journal of Commerce & Social Sciences, 6(1), 216–222. Retrieved from http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=bth&AN=78098387&lang=es&site=ehost-live%5Cnhttp://content.ebscohost.com.v.biblioteca.ucuenca.edu.ec/ContentServer.asp?T=P&P=AN&K=78098387&S=R&D=bth&EbscoContent=dGJyMMTo50Sep7E4xNvgOLCmr02eprZSrqa4TLOWxWX
Bigley, J., Griffiths, P. D., Prydderch, A., Romanowski, C. A. J., Miles, L., Lidiard, H., & Hoggard, N. (2010). Neurolinguistic programming used to reduce the need for anaesthesia in claustrophobic patients undergoing MRI. British Journal of Radiology, 83(986), 113–117. https://doi.org/10.1259/bjr/14421796
Caris-Verhallen, W. M. C. M., De Gruijter, I. M., Kerkstra, A., & Bensing, J. M. (1999). Factors related to nurse communication with elderly people. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 30(5), 1106–1117. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2648.1999.01197.x
Caris-Verhallen, W. M. C. M., Kerkstra, A., & Bensing, J. M. (1997). The role of communication in nursing care for elderly people: A review of the literature. Journal of Advanced Nursing, Vol. 25, pp. 915–933. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2648.1997.1997025915.x
Dixon, P. N., Parr, G. D., Yarbrough, D., & Rathael, M. (1986). Neurolinguistic programming as a persuasive communication technique. Journal of Social Psychology, 126(4), 545–550. https://doi.org/10.1080/00224545.1986.9713623
Dove, J. (2004). NLP and coaching. Selection and Development Review, 20(4), 6–8.
Drewnowski, A., & Evans, W. J. (2001). Nutrition, physical activity, and quality of life in older adults: Summary. America, 56, 89–94.
Fridriksson, J., Nettles, C., Davis, M., Morrow, L., & Montgomery, A. (2006). Functional communication and executive function in aphasia. Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics, 20(6), 401–410. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699200500075781
Grothmann, T., Leitner, M., Glas, N., & Prutsch, A. (2017). A five-steps methodology to design communication formats that can contribute to behavior change: The example of communication for health-protective behavior among elderly during heat waves. SAGE Open, 7(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244017692014
Harwood, J., Leibowitz, K., Lin, M.-C., Morrow, D., Rucker, N. L., & Savundranayagam, M. (2012). Communicating With Older Adults An Evidence-Based Review of What Really Works. The Gerontological Society of North America, 1–40.
Hummert, M. L., Nussbaum, J. F., & Wiemann, J. M. (1992). Communication and the Elderly: Cognition, language, and relationships. Communication Research, 19(4), 413–422. https://doi.org/10.1177/009365092019004001
Kourkouta, L., & Papathanasiou, I. (2014). Communication in nursing practice. Materia Socio Medica, 26(1), 65. https://doi.org/10.5455/msm.2014.26.65-67
Lang, E. V. (2012). A better patient experience through better communication. Journal of Radiology Nursing, Vol. 31, pp. 114–119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jradnu.2012.08.001
Liljeroos, M., Snellman, I. M., & Ekstedt, M. H. (2011). A qualitative study on the role of patient–nurse communication in acute cardiac care. Journal of Nursing Education and Practice, 1(1), 17–24. https://doi.org/10.5430/jnep.v1n1p17
Matusitz, J., Breen, G. M., Zhang, N. J., & Seblega, B. K. (2013). Improving nursing home resident integrity by optimizing interpersonal communication skills in clinical staff. Journal of Evidence-Based Social Work, 10(2), 63–72. https://doi.org/10.1080/15433714.2011.581540
Micciche, P. F., & Lancaster, J. S. (1989). Application of neurolinguistic techniques to knowledge acquisition. ACM SIGART Bulletin, (108), 28–33. https://doi.org/10.1145/63266.63270
Mulyati, L., Yeti, K., & Sukamrini, L. (2013). Analisis faktor yang memengaruhi self management behaviour pada pasien hipertensi. Jurnal Keperawatan Padjadjaran, v1(n2), 112–123. https://doi.org/10.24198/jkp.v1n2.7
Park, E. K., & Song, M. (2005). Communication barriers perceived by older patients and nurses. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 42(2), 159–166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2004.06.006
Passalacqua, S. A., & Harwood, J. (2012). VIPS Communication skills training for paraprofessional Dementia caregivers: An intervention to increase person-centered dementia care. Clinical Gerontologist, 35(5), 425–445. https://doi.org/10.1080/07317115.2012.702655
Pensieri, C. (2013). Neurolinguistic programming in health: an analysis of the literature. Medic, 21(2), 97–105.
Rustan, E. (2017). Learning creative writing model based on neurolinguistic programming. International Journal of Language Education and Culture Review, 3(2), 13–29. https://doi.org/doi.org/10.21009/IJLECR.032.02
Sitorus, R., & Herawati, T. (2013). The influence of ‘ Augmentative and Alternative Communication ’ to the communication ability and depression rates of patient with the aphasia motoric problem. Jurnal Keperawatan Padjajaran (Padjajaran Nursing Journal), 1(3), 131–143. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.24198/jkp.v1i3.61.g58
Steinbach, A. M. (1984). Neurolinguistic programming: a systematic approach to change. Canadian Family Physician Medecin de Famille Canadien, 30, 147–150. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21283502%0Ahttp://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=PMC2153995
Street, R. L., Makoul, G., Arora, N. K., & Epstein, R. M. (2009). How does communication heal? Pathways linking clinician-patient communication to health outcomes. Patient Education and Counseling, 74(3), 295–301. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2008.11.015
Sturt, J., Ali, S., Robertson, W., Metcalfe, D., Grove, A., Bourne, C., & Bridle, C. (2012). Neurolinguistic programming: A systematic review of the effects on health outcomes. British Journal of General Practice, Vol. 62, pp. 757–764. https://doi.org/10.3399/bjgp12X658287
Taheri, M., Mohammadi, M., Paknia, B., & Mohammadbeigi, A. (2013). Elderly awareness on healthy lifestyle during aging. Tropical Medicine & Surgery, 01(05), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-9088.1000139
Taylor, D. (2014). Physical activity is medicine for older adults. Postgraduate Medical Journal, Vol. 90, pp. 26–32. https://doi.org/10.1136/postgradmedj-2012-131366
Thompson, J. E., Courtney, L., & Dickson, D. (2002). The effect of neurolinguistic programming on organisational and individual performance: A case study. Journal of European Industrial Training, 26(6), 292–298. https://doi.org/10.1108/03090590210431265
Tijani-Eniola, O. (2016). Effective communication strategies for improving health outcomes. Health Expectations, 6(1), 364–365. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1369-7625.2008.00516.x
Tosey, P., & Mathison, J. (2010). Neuro-linguistic programming as an innovation in education and teaching. Innovations in Education and Teaching International, Vol. 47, pp. 317–326. https://doi.org/10.1080/14703297.2010.498183
Wahyuni, A., & Kurnia, O. S. (2014). Self-Care , motivation , and quality of life among patients with heart failure. Jurnal Keperawatan Padjajaran (Padjajaran Nursing Journal), 2(2), 108–115. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.24198/jkp.v2i2.73.g69
Wang, J. J., Hsieh, P. F., & Wang, C. J. (2013). Long-term care nurses’ communication difficulties with people living with dementia in Taiwan. Asian Nursing Research, 7(3), 99–103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anr.2013.06.001
Weirather, R. R. (2010). Communication strategies to assist comprehension in dementia. Hawaii Medical Journal, 69(3), 72–74.
Wood, J. A. (2006). NLP revisited: Nonverbal communications and signals of trustworthiness. Journal of Personal Selling and Sales Management, 26(2), 197–204. https://doi.org/10.2753/PSS0885-3134260206
