Analisis Keterlambatan Berbicara pada Anak Usia 4 Tahun dalam Perspektif Teori Sosiokultural Vygostky dan Interakaionis Bruiner

Abstract

As social beings, humans need to establish good relationships with others, which can be achieved through communication. Language plays an important role in this regard, as it is the tool used to convey ideas, thoughts, and feelings to others. This study aims to describe the results of an analysis of speech delays in 4-year-old children. This study is a qualitative study. The approach used in this study is a case study with an intrinsic type. The object of this study is the speech ability of 4-year-old children. The data for this study consists of the speech of 4-year-old children. The subjects of this study are two 4-year-old children, one boy and one girl. Data collection for this study was conducted through interviews and observations. Data analysis in this study was conducted through the following steps: data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of this study indicate that Abbyan has a speech delay. This is evident from three aspects that serve as criteria for determining whether the research subject has a speech delay or not, namely (1) knowledge of letters, (2) speaking style, and (3) language used. Based on these three aspects, it was found that Abbyan's issues were related to speech delay, as follows. First, Abbyan's limited ability to understand and pronounce letters. Second, Abbyan's inability to form complete sentences. Third, the presence of code-mixing when speaking with others. Additionally, interviews were conducted with the subject's parents. This interview involved asking the subject's parents five questions, namely: (1) When did the mother begin introducing letters to the child? (2) Can the child demonstrate their ability to recognize letters? (3) What language is used when interacting with the child? (4) How can the mother assess the child's ability to understand the language being used? (5) Has the mother observed changes in the child's speaking patterns over time?