Ginger as a Non-Pharmacological Intervention for Dysmenorrhea: Systematic Literature Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25139/htc.v9i1.11994Keywords:
ginger, dysmenorrhea, adolescent, non pharmlogical, pain scalrAbstract
Background: Dysmenorrhea is a discomfort during menstruation that occurs due to increased prostaglandins. Dysmenorrhea can reduce individual productivity. Ginger has active compounds that can reduce prostaglandin synthesis. Objective: This study aims to summarize experimental research on the effect of ginger administration on dysmenorrhea. Method: This study used the PRISMA method. Literature searches used several databases (ScienceDirect, crossreff, Google Scholar, willey, pubmed) with inclusion criteria of Indonesian and English, published 2021-2025, experimental research, research subjects in adolescents, and open access journals. Results: A review of 5 eligible articles showed that ginger is more effective than placebo in reducing dysmenorrhea. The majority of articles were pre-experimental. Pain scale measurements used the NRS and VAS scales. Pain scale measurements were carried out before and after the intervention. Conclusion: Ginger has been proven effective in reducing dysmenorrhea. However, there are several shortcomings in.
References
Ping MF, Putri SZ, Wulandari MRS, Laksono RD, Pustikasari A, Pramesemara IGN, et al. Buku Ajar Keperawatan Kesehatan Reproduksi [Internet]. PT. Sonpedia Publishing Indonesia; 2024. Available from: https://books.google.co.id/books?id=OR4DEQAAQBAJ
2. Itani R, Soubra L, Karout S, Rahme D, Karout L, Khojah HMJ. Primary Dysmenorrhea : Pathophysiology , Diagnosis , and Treatment Updates. KJFM. 2022;43(2):101–8.
3. Goss GL. Dysmenorrhea in Adolescents. J Nurse Pract [Internet]. 2023 Sep 1;19(8). Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nurpra.2023.104710
4. Mariappen U, Chew KT, Zainuddin AA, Mahdy ZA, Abdul Ghani NA, Grover S. Quality of life of adolescents with menstrual problems in Klang Valley, Malaysia: a school population-based cross-sectional study. BMJ Open. 2022 Jan;12(1):e051896.
5. Nagy H, Carlson K, Khan MA. Dysmenorrhea [Internet]. Treasure Island: StatPearls Publishing; 2023. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK560834/#_article-20798_s16_
6. Gobba S, Kibone W, Kiguba R. reported gastrointestinal adverse inflammatory effects of non- drugs in female students with dysmenorrhoea at Makerere University : prevalence , discontinuation and associated factors . a cross sectional study Study design. BMJ Open. 2024;14:1–7.
7. Magar NT, Regmi S, Adhikari A, Dev B, Timsina J, Das SB. Assessment and Comparison on Use of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs for the Management of Dysmenorrhea by Medical and Non-Medical Students. J Drug Deliv Ther. 2025;15(4):80–4.
8. Koduri L, Anandhasenthil S, Zou L, Vilkins A, Arora R. The gap between prevalence of primary dysmenorrhea and available treatment strategies. Reprod Fertil. 2026;7(1).
9. Ahnafani MN, Nasiroh N, Aulia N, Lestari NLM, Ngongo M, Hakim AR. Jahe (Zingiber Officinale): Tinjauan Fitokimia, Farmakologi, Dan Toksikologi. J ilmu Kedokt dan Kesehat. 2024;11(10):1992–8.
10. Anwa AF, Rayuna MS, Sitepu TJ. Pengaruh Jahe Merah Terhadap Penurunan Tingkat Nyeri Dismenore Pada Remaja Putri Di SMPN 20 Bandung: The Effect of Red Ginger on Reducing Pain Levels Dysmenorrhea in Adolescent Girls at SMPN 20 Bandung. J Ilm JKA (Jurnal Kesehat Aeromedika). 2026;12(1):46–51.
11. Rianti MA, Susilawati S, Mariza A, Nurliani N. The Effect Of Giving Red Ginger Water On Dysmenorrhea Pain In Adolescent Women In The Regionsari Building Health Center Work. JKM (Jurnal Kebidanan Malahayati). 2026;12(1):46–56.
12. Batadi NA, Tondong HI. Konsumsi Air Rebusan Jahe Merah dapat Mengurangi Dismenorea pada Remaja Putri. 2025;4:1–7.
13. Meilani SL, Kusumastuti DA, Kulsum U, Kudus M, Kudus M, Kudus UM. The Effect of Ginger Extract on Reducing Dysmenorrhea Pain in Adolescents. 2025;3(2):550–61.
14. Agustin ER, Pharmacy D, Kesehatan FI, Lamongan UM. The Effect Of Giving Ginger Water On Disminore In The VIII Class Of Adolescent Girl At Wahidiyah Junior High Shcool Bandar Lor Village Mojoroto District Kediri City. 2021;13(02):161–7.
15. Lestari W, Mariza A, Susilawati, Amirus K. Efektivitas Pemberian Air Rebusan Jahe Merah Terhadap Penurunan Intensitas Dismenorea Pada Remaja Putri Di Mts Darul Falah Kecamatan Abung Tengah Kabupaten Lampung Utara Tahun 2023. 2025;7:150–61.
16. Julaecha, Fatmawati TY, Nurita SR. Pengaruh Pemberain Air Jahe terhadap Nyeri Menstruasi di Posyandu Remaja Danau Sipin Kota Jambi. 2025;14(September):375–80.
17. Juwita, Nurhaeda, Umar F. The Effect of Ginger ( Zingiber Officinale ) on Reducing the Intensity of Hand Pain ( Primy Dysmenorrhea ) in Adolescent Women : A Systematic Literature Review. 2022;10(2):107–13.
18. Nianogo RA, Benmarhnia T, O’Neill S. A comparison of quasi-experimental methods with data before and after an intervention: an introduction for epidemiologists and a simulation study. Int J Epidemiol. 2023 Oct;52(5):1522–33.
19. Pinzon RT. Pengkajian Nyeri. Yogyakarta: Betha Grafika; 2016.
20. Ahmed SK. How to choose a sampling technique and determine sample size for research: A simplified guide for researchers. Oral Oncol Reports [Internet]. 2024;12:100662. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772906024005089
21. Hermawahyuni R, Handayani S, Alnur RD. SMK PGRI 1 Jakarta Timur Risk Factors of Primary Dysmenorrhea in Students of. J Kesehat komunitas. 2022;8(1):97–101.
22. Naraoka Y, Hosokawa M, Minato-Inokawa S, Sato Y. Severity of Menstrual Pain Is Associated with Nutritional Intake and Lifestyle Habits. Healthc (Basel, Switzerland). 2023 Apr;11(9).
23. Yekti R. The Effect of Ginger on Primary Dysmenorrhea. J Pendidik Mat dan sains. 2025;10(July):371–7.
24. Nazarpour S, Simbar M. Effect of oral and topical ginger on primary dysmenorrhoea: a systematic review. J Herb Med [Internet]. 2024;46:100890. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2210803324000472
2. Itani R, Soubra L, Karout S, Rahme D, Karout L, Khojah HMJ. Primary Dysmenorrhea : Pathophysiology , Diagnosis , and Treatment Updates. KJFM. 2022;43(2):101–8.
3. Goss GL. Dysmenorrhea in Adolescents. J Nurse Pract [Internet]. 2023 Sep 1;19(8). Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nurpra.2023.104710
4. Mariappen U, Chew KT, Zainuddin AA, Mahdy ZA, Abdul Ghani NA, Grover S. Quality of life of adolescents with menstrual problems in Klang Valley, Malaysia: a school population-based cross-sectional study. BMJ Open. 2022 Jan;12(1):e051896.
5. Nagy H, Carlson K, Khan MA. Dysmenorrhea [Internet]. Treasure Island: StatPearls Publishing; 2023. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK560834/#_article-20798_s16_
6. Gobba S, Kibone W, Kiguba R. reported gastrointestinal adverse inflammatory effects of non- drugs in female students with dysmenorrhoea at Makerere University : prevalence , discontinuation and associated factors . a cross sectional study Study design. BMJ Open. 2024;14:1–7.
7. Magar NT, Regmi S, Adhikari A, Dev B, Timsina J, Das SB. Assessment and Comparison on Use of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs for the Management of Dysmenorrhea by Medical and Non-Medical Students. J Drug Deliv Ther. 2025;15(4):80–4.
8. Koduri L, Anandhasenthil S, Zou L, Vilkins A, Arora R. The gap between prevalence of primary dysmenorrhea and available treatment strategies. Reprod Fertil. 2026;7(1).
9. Ahnafani MN, Nasiroh N, Aulia N, Lestari NLM, Ngongo M, Hakim AR. Jahe (Zingiber Officinale): Tinjauan Fitokimia, Farmakologi, Dan Toksikologi. J ilmu Kedokt dan Kesehat. 2024;11(10):1992–8.
10. Anwa AF, Rayuna MS, Sitepu TJ. Pengaruh Jahe Merah Terhadap Penurunan Tingkat Nyeri Dismenore Pada Remaja Putri Di SMPN 20 Bandung: The Effect of Red Ginger on Reducing Pain Levels Dysmenorrhea in Adolescent Girls at SMPN 20 Bandung. J Ilm JKA (Jurnal Kesehat Aeromedika). 2026;12(1):46–51.
11. Rianti MA, Susilawati S, Mariza A, Nurliani N. The Effect Of Giving Red Ginger Water On Dysmenorrhea Pain In Adolescent Women In The Regionsari Building Health Center Work. JKM (Jurnal Kebidanan Malahayati). 2026;12(1):46–56.
12. Batadi NA, Tondong HI. Konsumsi Air Rebusan Jahe Merah dapat Mengurangi Dismenorea pada Remaja Putri. 2025;4:1–7.
13. Meilani SL, Kusumastuti DA, Kulsum U, Kudus M, Kudus M, Kudus UM. The Effect of Ginger Extract on Reducing Dysmenorrhea Pain in Adolescents. 2025;3(2):550–61.
14. Agustin ER, Pharmacy D, Kesehatan FI, Lamongan UM. The Effect Of Giving Ginger Water On Disminore In The VIII Class Of Adolescent Girl At Wahidiyah Junior High Shcool Bandar Lor Village Mojoroto District Kediri City. 2021;13(02):161–7.
15. Lestari W, Mariza A, Susilawati, Amirus K. Efektivitas Pemberian Air Rebusan Jahe Merah Terhadap Penurunan Intensitas Dismenorea Pada Remaja Putri Di Mts Darul Falah Kecamatan Abung Tengah Kabupaten Lampung Utara Tahun 2023. 2025;7:150–61.
16. Julaecha, Fatmawati TY, Nurita SR. Pengaruh Pemberain Air Jahe terhadap Nyeri Menstruasi di Posyandu Remaja Danau Sipin Kota Jambi. 2025;14(September):375–80.
17. Juwita, Nurhaeda, Umar F. The Effect of Ginger ( Zingiber Officinale ) on Reducing the Intensity of Hand Pain ( Primy Dysmenorrhea ) in Adolescent Women : A Systematic Literature Review. 2022;10(2):107–13.
18. Nianogo RA, Benmarhnia T, O’Neill S. A comparison of quasi-experimental methods with data before and after an intervention: an introduction for epidemiologists and a simulation study. Int J Epidemiol. 2023 Oct;52(5):1522–33.
19. Pinzon RT. Pengkajian Nyeri. Yogyakarta: Betha Grafika; 2016.
20. Ahmed SK. How to choose a sampling technique and determine sample size for research: A simplified guide for researchers. Oral Oncol Reports [Internet]. 2024;12:100662. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772906024005089
21. Hermawahyuni R, Handayani S, Alnur RD. SMK PGRI 1 Jakarta Timur Risk Factors of Primary Dysmenorrhea in Students of. J Kesehat komunitas. 2022;8(1):97–101.
22. Naraoka Y, Hosokawa M, Minato-Inokawa S, Sato Y. Severity of Menstrual Pain Is Associated with Nutritional Intake and Lifestyle Habits. Healthc (Basel, Switzerland). 2023 Apr;11(9).
23. Yekti R. The Effect of Ginger on Primary Dysmenorrhea. J Pendidik Mat dan sains. 2025;10(July):371–7.
24. Nazarpour S, Simbar M. Effect of oral and topical ginger on primary dysmenorrhoea: a systematic review. J Herb Med [Internet]. 2024;46:100890. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2210803324000472
Downloads
Published
2026-06-29
Issue
Section
Articles
