Asset Forfeiture Mechanism as an Additional Punishment in Order to Recover State Losses in Corruption Cases
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25139/lex.v6i2.10373Keywords:
Additional Punishment, Corruption, Return of State Losses, Restitution, Asset ForfeitureAbstract
This research aims to analyze the mechanism for applying additional punishment in the form of restitution in recovering state losses and to examine the effectiveness of asset forfeiture in the process of recovering state finances due to corruption. This research uses a normative-empirical legal approach method, with data obtained through document studies, laws and regulations, as well as interviews with prosecutors, judges, and auditors in the West Nusa Tenggara region. The results show that the additional penalty of restitution as stipulated in Article 18 of the Corruption Crime Law has the main objective of restoring state finances, but its application still faces obstacles, including discrepancies in perceptions regarding the institution authorized to calculate state losses (BPK, BPKP, or independent auditors), as well as limited law enforcement resources. Case studies such as the Po Suwandi case in the BRI KUR program show the challenges in optimally enforcing additional punishment. Meanwhile, asset forfeiture without conviction as stipulated in the Anti-Money Laundering Law and Asset Forfeiture Bill has not been effectively implemented due to the absence of supporting regulations and integrated technical guidelines. In fact, this mechanism is important to overcome cases when the perpetrator cannot be tried due to death or disappearance. This study recommends strengthening the legal and institutional framework, immediate ratification of the Asset Forfeiture Bill, and increasing synergy between law enforcement officials in an effort to optimize the return of state losses as part of the additional criminal objectives in combating corruption.
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